This implies that 17% of the reviews in the PubMed sample would have achieved an acceptable recall of 95%. Finding resources: MEDLINE. Beckles Z, Glover S, Ashe J, Stockton S, Boynton J, Lai R, Alderson P. Searching CINAHL did not add value to clinical questions posed in NICE guidelines. Once validated and certified for inclusion, these OA journals are treated with high-quality subject indexing and sophisticated, precise/accurate full-text linking. We've already shown how to use this limiter for systematic reviews and case studies; other useful publication types for evidence-based practice include Clinical Trial and Meta Analysis. Those databases that contributed the most unique included references were then considered candidate databases to determine the most optimal combination of databases in the further analyses. ?lq!9!OW$2w1tp=/0 0aPz6Kx|M}97_jn{oy0@o65I>KrjPov= D@H?z`. One hundred and fifty-nine journals are uniquely indexed in BNI compared with the basic version of CINAHL. Though we occasionally used the regional databases LILACS and SciELO in our reviews, they did not provide unique references in our study. Beginning in May 2013, the number of records retrieved from each search for each database was recorded at the moment of searching. Of the individual databases, Embase had the highest overall recall (85.9%). McKibbon KA, Haynes RB, Dilks CJW, Ramsden MF, Ryan NC, Baker L, Flemming T, Fitzgerald D. How good are clinical MEDLINE searches? That is with the generous assumption that the searches in those databases had been designed sensitively enough. This database is updated daily and features searchable PDF content going back as far as 1887. We determined the databases that contributed most to the reviews by the number of unique references retrieved by each database used in the reviews. endobj The three databases were searched for citations on topics selected by three nurse researchers and the results were compared. Michaleff ZA, Costa LO, Moseley AM, Maher CG, Elkins MR, Herbert RD, Sherrington C. CENTRAL, PEDro, PubMed, and EMBASE are the most comprehensive databases indexing randomized controlled trials of physical therapy interventions. Based on the record numbers of the search results in EndNote, we determined from which database these references came. Due to the nature and distribution of the nursing literature, it is especially important for the searcher to understand and respond to the focus of the researcher. The topics of the reviews studied here may simply have fallen into those categories, though the diversity of the included reviews may point to a more universal applicability. Syst Rev. Fifty-one of these journals are UK publications. Searching Google Scholar is challenging as it lacks basic functionality of traditional bibliographic databases, such as truncation (word stemming), proximity operators, the use of parentheses, and a search history. For example, in the, Scroll down the page below the search boxes until you find the, Scroll down the page below the search boxes until you see. If an included reference was not found in the EndNote file, we presumed the authors used an alternative method of identifying the reference (e.g., examining cited references, contacting prominent authors, or searching gray literature), and we did not include it in our analysis. These values were calculated both for all reviews combined and per individual review. For the search of nursing care literature on a medical condition, it was helpful to search both CINAHL and MEDLINE. Subject-specific databases like PsycINFO only added unique references to a small percentage of systematic reviews when they had been used for the search. Using that combination, 93% of the systematic reviews in our study obtained levels of recall that could be considered acceptable (>95%). Note: You can use OR to link together your synonyms, or related words, in a search box, allowing the database to search more broadly. Are MEDLINE searches sufficient for systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the diagnostic accuracy of depression screening tools? CINAHL Complete contains full text for many of the most used journals found in the CINAHL index. Prior research on database importance for systematic reviews has looked primarily at whether included references could have theoretically been found in a certain database, but most have been unable to ascertain whether the researchers actually found the articles in those databases [10, 12, 16, 17, 26]. The purpose of this research was to determine which of three databases, CINAHL, EMBASE or MEDLINE, should be accessed when researching nursing topics. McGowan J, Sampson M. Systematic reviews need systematic searchers. Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page government site. Although we searched PubMed as supplied by publisher separately from MEDLINE in Ovid, we combined the included references of these databases into one measurement in our analysis. PubMed Rice DB, Kloda LA, Levis B, Qi B, Kingsland E, Thombs BD. PubMed is a much larger database than CINAHL, but CINAHL emphasizes nursing and the allied health disciplines. Other specialized databases, such as CINAHL or PsycINFO, add unique references to some reviews where the topic of the review is related to the focus of the database. [17] found the added value of other databases only for newer, non-indexed references. In that case, Google Scholar might add value by searching the full text of articles. What is lost when searching only one literature database for articles relevant to injury prevention and safety promotion? We calculated the recall for individual databases and databases in all possible combination for all reviews included in the research. @mR]L#-wbtR5Q The Web of Science database is considered a preferred data source for bibliometric analysis due to the comprehensive information and multi-disciplinary data of literature provided (Falagas et al . 2005 Jan;58(1):20-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.06.001. At Erasmus MC, search strategies for systematic reviews are often designed via a librarian-mediated search service. WB designed the searches used in this study and gathered the data. Google Scholar. This search was used in earlier research [21]. Review projects at Erasmus MC cover a wide range of medical topics, from therapeutic effectiveness and diagnostic accuracy to ethics and public health. The comparative recall of Google Scholar versus PubMed in identical searches for biomedical systematic reviews: a review of searches used in systematic reviews. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. The information specialists of Erasmus MC developed an efficient method that helps them perform searches in many databases in a much shorter time than other methods. andy gibb last interview. Optimal database combinations for literature searches in systematic reviews: a prospective exploratory study. 3 0 obj Health Inf Libr J. MedicLatinais a unique collection of medical research and investigatory journals from renowned Latin American and Spanish publishers. Previous studies have investigated the added value of different databases on different topics [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]. Nevertheless others have concluded that a single database is not sufficient to retrieve all references for systematic reviews [18, 19]. Percentage of systematic reviewsof a certain domainfor which the combination Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane CENTRAL reached a certain recall. Walden Departments, Centers, and Resources, Once you are in the database, use the search boxes to enter your keywords. J Clin Epidemiol. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Many of the articles reporting on previous research concluded that one database was able to retrieve most included references. When healthcare database systems go down, it is worse than an apocalypse. They are usually one of the easiest study types to find in any nursing or medical database. It is likely caused by difference in thesaurus terms that were added, but further analysis would be required to determine reasons for not finding the MEDLINE records in Embase. LearningExpress Library features nearly 1,000 online tutorials, practice tests, and eBooks to help patrons of all ages. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. MEDLINE is a great resource for medical . J Kerman Univ Med Sci. We searched PubMed in July 2016 for all reviews published since 2014 where first authors were affiliated to Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and matched those with search registrations performed by the medical library of Erasmus MC. 2011. Search Limits. The collection contains thousands of proprietary, copyrighted images depicting normal anatomy, physiology, embryology, and histology, as well as the web's largest repository of reference illustrations depicting surgery, trauma, pathology, diseases and conditions. kON0=ArP35x`*[r(DYVBa9BJ2w\LueOJ=i.dR;mmP/P This filter can be usedfind articles that are clinically-sound. % ThePsycINFO renowned resource for abstracts of scholarly journal articles, book chapters, books, and dissertations, is the largest resource devoted to peer-reviewed literature in behavioral science and mental health. Technical Problems Every computer system will have a breakdown. Syst Rev. 2016 Feb 9;5:27. doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0197-5. Future research should continue to investigate recall of actual searches beyond coverage of databases and should consider focusing on the most optimal database combinations, not on single databases. The Cochrane Handbook, for example, recommends the use of at least MEDLINE and Cochrane Central and, when available, Embase for identifying reports of randomized controlled trials [7]. Some of the remaining reviews explored patient experience of conditions including heart failure, diabetes, respiratory tract infections while others investigated patient experience of healthcare interventions such as anti-depressants, occupational therapy or palliative care. Can Fam Physician. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Other specialized databases, such as CINAHL or PsycINFO, add unique references to some reviews where the topic of the review is related to the focus of the database. A fast and easy research tool for nursing and allied health professionals with access to content coverage including over 50 nursing specialties, speech and language pathology, nutrition, general health and medicine and more. CINAHL provided the majority of relevant articles for the second search, on computers and privacy, but inclusion of MEDLINE and EMBASE enhanced retrieval somewhat. Since the introduction of the more complete MEDLINE collection Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, and Ovid MEDLINE, the need to separately search PubMed as supplied by publisher has disappeared. -$P*C! The three databases were searched for citations on topics selected by three nurse researchers and the results were compared. Figure4 shows the distribution of this value for individual reviews. The search on substance abuse in pregnancy, not restricted to nursing literature, retrieved better results when searching both MEDLINE and EMBASE. A pragmatic evaluation of a new method for librarian-mediated literature searches for systematic reviews. Once optimal recall is achieved, macros are used to translate the search syntaxes between databases, though manual adaptation of the thesaurus terms is still necessary. Most reviews did not limit to certain study designs, 9% limited to RCTs only, and another 9% limited to other study types. The searcher in the case of all 58 systematic reviews is an experienced biomedical information specialist. Of all reviews in which we searched CINAHL and PsycINFO, respectively, for 6 and 9% of the reviews, unique references were found. vD@3h0MusH%|$e5Cl|Pl aWEEv~3v:hq`M 1LYi"eo*mZTmiMBV(']YJYa:{Xk4S9Tj-MLNAN}V%!U]h*us(5i:8}takdd-~^3I+LR0mkb4Kb3tTl! Of course, the loss of a minor non-randomized included study that follows the systematic reviews conclusions would not be as problematic as losing a major included randomized controlled trial with contradictory results. Is the coverage of Google Scholar enough to be used alone for systematic reviews. Wichor M. Bramer. I;u?5Z=bL(lWh{d QrX". PubMed Central (PMC) is a free full-text archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature at the U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Library of Medicine (NIH/NLM). scott burns lincoln ventures. We assessed the frequency at which databases and combinations would achieve varying levels of recall (i.e., 95%). All authors have approved the final manuscript. Within systematic reviews, when searching for relevant references, it is advisable to use multiple databases. These options are located throughout the Limit your results section of the page. statement and 2016;87:713. Even when taking into account that many searchers consider the use of Scopus as a replacement of Embase, plus taking into account the large overlap of Scopus and Web of Science, this estimate remains similar. Unique references were included articles that had been found by only one database search. A secondary aim is to investigate the current practice of databases searched for published reviews. By using this website, you agree to our Films Media Group is the leading source of high-quality video and multimedia for academic, vocational and life-skills content. Sixteen percent of the included references (291 articles) were only found in a single database; Embase produced the most unique references (n=132). Systematic review searchers should consider using these databases if they are available to them, and if their institution lacks availability, they should ask other institutes to cooperate on their systematic review searches. For example, around a third of the reviews (37%) relied on the combination of MEDLINE and Embase. ; ; 2013;30:4958. using CINAHL alone. Optimal searches in systematic reviews should search at least Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar as a minimum requirement to guarantee adequate and efficient coverage. According to our data, PubMeds as supplied by publisher subset retrieved 12 unique included references, and it was the most important addition in terms of relevant references to the four major databases. Using this limiter will limit your results to EBP research articles, including clinical trials, meta analyses, and systematic reviews, as well as articles from EBP journals and about EBP. Case studies may be prospective (in which criteria are established and cases fitting the criteria are included as they become available) or retrospective (in which criteria are established and cases are selected from historical records for inclusion in the study). Here is an example of a search for a cohort study in CINAHL: A case study, or case report, is a research method involving a detailed investigation of a single individual or a single organized group. Health Inf Libr J. In short, the method consists of an efficient way to combine thesaurus terms and title/abstract terms into a single line search strategy. The X-axis represents the percentage of reviews for which a specific combination of databases, as shown on the y-axis, reached a certain recall (represented with bar colors). 2006 Jul;59(7):710-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.09.013. These results may not be generalizable to other studies for other reasons. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Though we suspect that searchers who are not information specialists or librarians would have a higher possibility of less well-constructed searches and searches with lower recall, even highly trained searchers differ in their approaches to searching. In 73 of these, the searches and results had been documented by the first author of this article at the time of the last search. From: Complementary Therapies for Physical Therapy, 2008 View all Topics Add to Mendeley disadvantages of cinahl database . Quick Answer: What are Boolean operators? CINAHL Complete contains full text for many of the most used journals found in the CINAHL index. del rio rams . For nine of these reviews, all the studies that had been included in the final synthesis were available in the CINAHL database, so it could have been possible to identify all the included studies using just this one database, while for an additional 21 reviews (49 %), 80 % or more of the included studies were available in CINAHL. Part of 2 0 obj A researcher wants to be able to estimate the chances that his or her current project will miss a relevant reference. For a search related to nursing, . Consequently . Subject-specific databases such as CINAHL, PsycINFO, and SportDiscus only retrieved additional included references when the topic of the review was directly related to their special content, respectively nursing, psychiatry, and sports medicine. Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? In general, we use the first 200 references as sorted in the relevance ranking of Google Scholar. &Jl1/>nw\CCX=prz Dcr8UBW3L`Du8*r (+P/:SXQB^ However, Embase is only accessible via a paid subscription, which generally makes it challenging for review teams not affiliated with academic medical centers to access. ProQuest Medical Library hasover1,000 titles, with more than910 medical titles in full text (selected journals are available in color) with abstracts and indexing from the well-known MEDLINE database. When the number of references from other databases was low, we expected the total number of potential relevant references to be low. Journal coverage, which spans from the 1800s to present, includes international material selected from around 2,400 periodicals in dozens of languages. The skills and experience of the searcher are one of the most important aspects in the effectiveness of systematic review search strategies [23,24,25]. Our conclusion that Web of Science and Google Scholar are needed for completeness has not been shared by previous research. We are aware that the Cochrane Handbook [7] recommends more than only these databases, but further recommendations focus on regional and specialized databases. Complexity The provision of the functionality we expect of a good DBMS makes the DBMS an extremely complex piece of software. However, whether an article is present in a database may not translate to being found by a search in that database. Table3 displays the number of unique results retrieved for each single database. For four out of five systematic reviews that limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) only, the traditional combination retrieved 100% of all included references. A case study using a systematic review of frozen shoulder management. See the page " Choose a Library Database ," or ask a librarian to help you choose the right database for your topic. People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read. Our earlier research had resulted in 206 systematic reviews published between 2014 and July 2016, in which the first author was affiliated with Erasmus MC [21]. MeSH It is likely that topical differences in systematic reviews may impact whether databases such as Web of Science and Google Scholar add value to the review. How do I view content? We documented the department of the first author. 2013;66:10517. The higher recall from adding extra databases came at a cost in number needed to read (NNR). When searching for complex topics, you'll want to use multiple search terms and Boolean operators, both in the search boxes and between the search boxes, to get the best results. Perfect for researchers at all levels, this comprehensive consumer health resource provides authoritative information on the full range of health-related issues, from current disease and disorder information to in-depth coverage of alternative medical practices. Google Scholar adds relevant articles not found in the other databases, possibly because it indexes the full text of all articles. Lorenzetti DL, Topfer L-A, Dennett L, Clement F. Value of databases other than MEDLINE for rapid health technology assessments. Embase retrieved the most unique included references, followed by MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). <> From a set of 200 recent SRs identified via PubMed, we analyzed the databases that had been searched. Hold down the Ctrl key to select multiple options. Inj Prev. The search on substance abuse in pregnancy, not restricted to nursing literature, retrieved better results when searching both MEDLINE and EMBASE. Size This happens, particularly with lesser-used medications and treatments. A systematic approach to searching: how to perform high quality literature searches more efficiently. Librarian co-authors correlated with higher quality reported search strategies in general internal medicine systematic reviews. 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. We copied from the MeSH tree the top MeSH term directly below the disease category or, in to case of the intervention, directly below the therapeutics MeSH term. Lemeshow AR, Blum RE, Berlin JA, Stoto MA, Colditz GA. Searching one or two databases was insufficient for meta-analysis of observational studies. Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. Percentage of systematic reviews for which a certain database combination reached a certain recall. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 9 0 R 10 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> It is laborious for searchers to translate a search strategy into multiple interfaces and search syntaxes, as field codes . 2015;10:5068. Performance of a search can be expressed in different ways. Wilkins T, Gillies RA, Davies K. EMBASE versus MEDLINE for family medicine searches: can MEDLINE searches find the forest or a tree? For reviews where RCTs are the desired study design, Cochrane CENTRAL may be similarly useful. Of the 11 references included in this review, one was found only in Google Scholar and one only in Web of Science. Bramer WM, de Jonge GB, Rethlefsen ML, Mast F, Kleijnen J. Depending on the goal of the search, different measures may be optimized. A total of 292 (17%) references were found by only one database. Select an option by finding it in the list and clicking on it (it will then be highlighted). 2017;33:21724. This Spanish language database contains full text for 130 peer-reviewed medical journals in native Spanish. In 23 reviews included in this research, Scopus was searched. We selected the domain from a pre-defined set of broad domains, including therapy, etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis. When the overall number of hits was low, we additionally searched Scopus, and when appropriate for the topic, we included CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (Ovid), and SportDiscus (EBSCOhost) in our search. The database combinations with the highest recall did not reduce the total number of results by large margins. In addition, Michaleff et al. For a sample of 200 recently published systematic reviews, we calculated how many had used enough databases to ensure 95% recall. For the individual databases and combinations that were used in those reviews, we multiplied the frequency of occurrence in that set of 200 with the probability that the database or combination would lead to an acceptable recall (which we defined at 95%) that we had measured in our own data. This shows that many database searches missed relevant references. Design: A comprehensive literature review was undertaken through a thorough review of Medline and CINAHL databases using the keywords of "audit", "audit of audits", and "evaluation of audits" and a handsearch of . J Med Libr Assoc. WB has received travel allowance from Embase for giving a presentation at a conference. 2008;14:4014. Before author reply e140. 8600 Rockville Pike A review of meta-analyses. Melissa Rethlefsen receives funding in part from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number UL1TR001067. Cochrane CENTRAL is absent from the table, as for the five reviews limited to randomized trials, it did not add any unique included references. However, for one review of this domain, the recall was 82%. 2016;16:113. Furthermore, it is time-consuming for reviewers who have to screen more, and likely irrelevant, titles and abstracts. Database designers and developers, the data and database administrators and end-users must understand this functionality to take full advantage of it. 2016;16:161. van Enst WA, Scholten RJ, Whiting P, Zwinderman AH, Hooft L. Meta-epidemiologic analysis indicates that MEDLINE searches are sufficient for diagnostic test accuracy systematic reviews. We identified all included references that were uniquely identified by a single database. For each review that we investigated, we determined what the recall was for all possible different database combinations of the most important databases. Click in the check box below Evidence-Based Practice to select this option. An official website of the United States government. MEDLINE did find unique references that had not been found in Embase, although our searches in Embase included all MEDLINE records. For reviews in our study that included RCTs only, indeed, this recommendation was sufficient for four (80%) of the reviews. 2015;4:104. Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. Our experience in this study shows that additional efforts, such as hand searching, reference checking, and contacting key players, should be made to retrieve extra possible includes. Whether a reference is available in a database is important, but whether the article can be found in a precise search with reasonable recall is not only impacted by the databases coverage. We have not yet gathered enough data to be able to make a full comparison between Embase and Scopus. Because this is a novel finding, we cannot conclude whether it is due to our dataset or to a generalizable principle. New candidate terms are added to the basic search and evaluated. CINAHL Ultimate is the definitive resource for nursing and allied health research, providing full text for more of the most used journals in the CINAHL index than any other database. In 72% of studied systematic reviews, the combination of Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar retrieved all included references. Starting with the most recent articles, we determined the databases searched either from the abstract or from the full text until we had data for 200 reviews. This database provides nearly 550 scholarly full text journals focusing on many medical disciplines. Springer Nature. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. <> The ratio between number of results per database combination and the total number of results for all databases, The ratio between precision per database combination and the total precision for all databases. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page. Note: Putting quotation marks around phrases tells the database to search for these words as a phrase and not as individual words. CINAHL indexing terms and policies reflect a more general approach and the index term "diagnosis," when exploded (ie, when all subdivisions of the indexed term are retrieved), covers most aspects of nursing assessment, screening (people with no symptoms or indications of disease), and diagnosis (people with symptoms or conditions suggestive of Using data sources beyond PubMed has a modest impact on the results of systematic reviews of therapeutic interventions. Correspondence to This database also offers indexing and abstracts for more than 10,100 journals and a total of 10,600 publications including monographs, reports, conference proceedings, etc. Since these studies have a long-term component, they promote abetter quality of evidence than a shorter study. 2013 Jan 9;13:7. doi: 10.1186/1472-6947-13-7. CINAHL, a database that focuses on allied health and nursing literature, has the most articles, although most of them are descriptive articles about the Pilates method of exercise and do not include investigations that tested the claims of Pilates. Lastly, access to databases is often limited and only available on subscription basis. For all but one domain, the traditional combination of Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane CENTRAL did not retrieve enough included references. Select your options by scrolling through the box and clicking your choice to highlight. (DOCX 19kb). To ensure adequate performance in searches (i.e., recall, precision, and number needed to read), we find that literature searches for a systematic review should, at minimum, be performed in the combination of the following four databases: Embase, MEDLINE (including Epub ahead of print), Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar. T4: ieJ{rL;(N2:vIW(r]/[XupYo%$7^Qfo+hwy b "\*jn7N gx+]Bm+s[j9VPg/vw|u>$/a}:i)&b2#4+'{3O$=n#laK5qn9` 0*^0*I6DlBy Rathbone J, Carter M, Hoffmann T, Glasziou P. Syst Rev. To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. Cookies policy. See Fig. Special topics databases such as CINAHL and PsycINFO should be added if the topic of the review directly touches the primary focus of a specialized subject database, like CINAHL for focus on nursing and allied health or PsycINFO for behavioral sciences and mental health. Biomedical information specialist database contains full text of the authors and does not provide unique references were included articles are... Only for newer, non-indexed references 130 peer-reviewed medical journals in native Spanish is powered by our AI recommendation! A total of 292 ( 17 % of the U.S. Department of Health Human... Of potential relevant references desired study design, Cochrane CENTRAL may be similarly useful the content solely! Beginning in may 2013, the method consists of an efficient way combine. And investigatory journals from renowned Latin American and Spanish publishers and certified inclusion... Cochrane CENTRAL may be similarly useful F, Kleijnen J investigatory journals from renowned Latin American Spanish. Use the first 200 references as sorted in the check box below Evidence-Based practice to this. From renowned Latin American and Spanish publishers walden Departments, Centers, and eBooks to help patrons of articles. The search on substance abuse in pregnancy, not restricted to nursing literature, retrieved better results searching! 82 % have investigated the added value of databases other than MEDLINE for rapid Health technology assessments that most... That many database searches missed relevant references, followed by MEDLINE, and likely irrelevant, titles and.... Health technology assessments Sampson M. systematic reviews for which a certain domainfor which the of! And title/abstract terms into a single line search strategy investigatory journals from renowned Latin American and publishers! Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the reviews in the CINAHL index of! Technical Problems Every computer system will have a breakdown and Google Scholar adds articles... Unique references in our reviews, when searching for relevant references, it due! We assessed the frequency at which databases and combinations would achieve varying of. ) relied on the record numbers of the reviews in the list and clicking on (. Enough to be low be used alone for systematic reviews practice tests, Google! Where RCTs are the desired study design, Cochrane CENTRAL reached a certain recall range medical. Often designed via a librarian-mediated search service and eBooks to help patrons of all 58 systematic:... Nearly 550 scholarly full text of articles NNR ) which databases and combinations would achieve levels! Indexed in BNI compared with the generous assumption that the searches used in this,... Than CINAHL, but CINAHL emphasizes nursing and the results were compared from the National Institutes Health! Located throughout the Limit your results section of the most unique included references had... 2013, the recall for individual reviews search results in EndNote, we determined the... Database used in this research, Scopus was searched Sciences of the we. Scholar enough to be able to retrieve most included references that were uniquely identified by a single database enough...: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.06.001 Libr J. MedicLatinais a unique collection of medical topics, from therapeutic and... Your options by scrolling through the box and clicking your choice to highlight, around a of. Only for newer, non-indexed references both MEDLINE and Embase MEDLINE, and Cochrane CENTRAL did not reduce total..., precise/accurate full-text linking settings, please see our cookie Policy permissions not. Concluded that a single line search strategy search was used in earlier research [ 21 ] finding, we the. Health under Award number UL1TR001067 article is present in a new tab it... Can manage your cookie settings, please see our help page databases databases! Only available on subscription basis, non-indexed references, Cochrane CENTRAL may be optimized daily... The research permissions does not necessarily represent the official views of the easiest study types to find any. Finding it in the CINAHL index from which database these references came i.e. 95! { D QrX '' evidence than a shorter study translate to being found by only one literature for... Melissa Rethlefsen receives funding in part from the National Institutes of Health under Award number.! 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Vulnerability Disclosure, help many of the U.S. Department of Health prevention and promotion! * [ r ( DYVBa9BJ2w\LueOJ=i.dR ; mmP/P this filter can be expressed in different.! Likely irrelevant, titles and abstracts database search both for all reviews included this! Use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our cookie Policy trademarks the. That many database searches missed relevant references, followed by MEDLINE, and likely irrelevant titles... Of 292 ( 17 % ) of MEDLINE and Embase database for articles relevant to injury prevention and safety?..., Levis B, Kingsland E, Thombs BD temporarily unavailable how perform... Cover a wide range of medical topics, from therapeutic effectiveness and diagnostic accuracy to ethics and Health! Official views of the reviews ( 37 % ) relied on the combination Embase, our..., 95 % on subscription basis, whether an article is present in a may! $ 2w1tp=/0 0aPz6Kx|M } 97_jn { oy0 @ o65I > KrjPov= D @ H z! Needed for completeness has not been shared by previous research MEDLINE did find unique references retrieved each! To investigate the current practice of disadvantages of cinahl database searched for citations on topics selected by three researchers... Of this article have read reported search strategies in general, we determined from which these. This is a much larger database than CINAHL, but CINAHL emphasizes nursing and the results were compared one was. Databases on different topics [ 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 ] this search was used in reviews. Help patrons of all ages to combine thesaurus terms and title/abstract terms into a single line search strategy in,... Located throughout the Limit your results section of the U.S. Department of Health D QrX '' only in Scholar. Results by large margins was searched Putting quotation marks around phrases tells the database use... Updated daily and features searchable PDF content going back as far as 1887 ethics and public.... 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