Ropes capable of supporting at least six (6) times the rated load must be used to suspend two-point suspension scaffolds. b.3 to 1 Two feet What should you do before dismantling a scaffold? Horizontal members are erected in a manner that creates a usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space. 262 Alexander Street 1926.451 (f)(3) Scaffolds and scaffold components must be inspected for visible . 12. 2012-10-05T11:53:02-04:00 He suffered For the current year, is Samsungs cash flow on total assets ratio better or worse than (a) Apples and Scaffolding must not be placed on unstable objects, such as bricks or blocks. Poor foundation: Scaffold end frames, which have no base plate, are erected on top of scrap wood and unstable cement blocks. b. All scaffolds and their components must support without failure its own weight and at least four times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to the scaffold. d.35 feet, The top rail of a guardrail system must be installed how many inches above the platform? When the scaffold work area is less than 18 inches (46 centimeters) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used. 1.Use gravel to fill in the uneven spots. Fall protection consists of either personal fall-arrest systems or guardrail systems, and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Check hook-on and attachable ladders to be sure they are specifically designed for use with the type of scaffold on which they are used. Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be intermixed unless the components fit together without force and the scaffolds structural integrity is maintained. Manila or synthetic rope used for top rails must be inspected to ensure that the rope meets the strength requirement. Before each use 904-01 c.Three feet The competent person is responsible for determining the safety and feasibility of installing and using safe means of access, based on site conditions and the type of scaffold involved. What are supported scaffold foundations set on to ensure stability? Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. 3.String Jose, a house painter, performs an inspection on the wooden planks of the scaffolding. How much weight should a supported scaffold and components be capable of supporting without failure? . The regulatory text also is found in 29 CFR 1926, Subpart L, which is available from the Government Printing Office at (202) 512-1800; (202) 512-2250 fax - Order No. 5.Oxygen deficiencies, When should a personal fall arrest system be inspected? Princeton, NJ 08540ehs@princeton.edu609-258-5294, 2023 The Trustees of Princeton University, Office of Environmental Health and Safety, Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment, Laboratory Access and Training Recommendations, Laboratory Equipment and Engineering Controls, SHIELD - Safety, Health, Inspection and Equipment Logistics Database, Administration of Biological and Chemical Hazards to Animals, Medical Clearance and Safety Training For Animal Researchers, Recombinant and Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules, Shipping and Receiving Biological Material, X-Ray Machines & Other Radiation-Producing Equipment, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Construction, Specific Requirements of Welded Frame and Suspended Scaffolds. 4. PScript5.dll Version 5.2.2 2. A scaffold can be overloaded by removing the braces, which causes the weight on the scaffold to be distributed to fewer structural members. foundations are set on base plates, mud sills, and other adequate firm foundations. a.Yes, because any height off the ground, or point of access, requires the use of a ladder or stairway. 10, 15 Hot asphalt paving (summer) - This type of asphalt (top coat) is soft when placed and then compacted with rollers. Check to make sure scaffold components made of dissimilar metals are not used together, unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength, through corrosion, of any component below OSHA standards. c.24 inches Ensure scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers are not allowed to be modified to make them fit together, unless a competent person determines that the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. There are many types of scaffolds, both supported and suspended. What must ramps and walkways 6 feet or more above lower levels be equipped with? a.2 to 1 All brace connections must be secured. By itself it is not normally a useable foundation material. d.Five times, Which would provide a more stable foundation? Scaffold Roles and Responsibilites Section. 2. While sitting or kneeling on a fixed deck plank attached to a fabricated frame scaffold, a worker was pulling a 16-foot long 2x4 off the bucket of an excavator. What should be Jayden's next step? Make sure wooden planking is covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be marked for identification. The following are the requirements for specific types of scaffolds: Employee use of stilts on scaffolds is prohibited. c.13, 15 application/pdf \text { use to get e-mail, surf the } \\ In such cases, verify that the platforms are as wide as feasible, and fall protection is provided. \text { Advertisement } Any damaged or weakened component of a scaffold must be repaired or replaced immediately. 1926.451(e)(9) & (g) The department shall maintain a list of all employees within the department who have been authorized (through both training and experience) as scaffold erectors; and provide notice to the employees who have been deemed to be authorized erectors. unstable objects are not used to support scaffolds or platform units. Employers must provide access when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. Cross braces shall not be used as a means of access. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. When vertical lifelines are used, check to ensure they are fastened to a fixed safe point of anchorage, independent of the scaffold, and are protected from sharp edges and abrasion. Click on the button to see examples of different types of foundations and related problems. All scaffolds used in construction, renovation, repair (including painting and decorating), and demolition shall be erected, dismantled and maintained in accordance with this policy and procedure. %PDF-1.4 % What should you do before dismantling a scaffold? Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. 4.Jump from one platform to another. Scaffold platforms above one section high must be provided with safe access. 2. a safe means of access shall be provided when a competent person has determined the feasibility and analyzed the site . Each worker 10 feet (3.1 meters) above a lower level must be protected from falling by a personal fall arrest system when working from a boatswain's chair, ladder jack, needle beam, float, or catenary scaffolds. The top edge height of top rails on supported scaffolds manufactured or placed in service after January 1, 2000 shall be installed between 38 45 inches above the platform surface. 3.Check that no structural alterations were made. c.Four times In its simplest form, a scaffold is any temporary elevated or suspended work surface used to support workers and/or materials. b.One continuous mudsill under both legs Have cross-cleats securely nailed at regular intervals not exceeding 500 millimetres. The team is given a set of scaffolding components to assemble. The competent person shall be trained in accordance with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and responsible for: Qualified persons shall be responsible for: No University employee shall design scaffolding. This threshold differs from 29 . 8 What is the most common type of supported scaffold? TypeofAdvertisementTelevisionProductAdvertisedBlackberryTargetMarketStudents-backtoschoolProductInformationFeaturedBlackberryPearl;$20discount;pinkorsilver;usetogete-mail,surftheWeb,andgetdirections. Chicago, Illinois 60615, T: 773.702.9999 d.Hearing protection. b.18 inches The following table provides the clearance distances between scaffolds and power lines, or any other conductive material, while being erected, used, dismantled, altered or moved. Providing a scaffold to the user that is free from recognizable and preventable hazards (i.e. Using various forms of media, select three advertisements that target different markets. All equipment shall be inspected to ensure that it is in good condition and is serviceable. No University employee shall erect scaffold greater than or equal to 20 feet. \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} TypeofAdvertisementProductAdvertisedTargetMarketProductInformationFeaturedTelevisionBlackberryStudents-backtoschoolBlackberryPearl;$20discount;pinkorsilver;usetogete-mail,surftheWeb,andgetdirections\begin{array}{llll} Guardrail systems or guardrails are barriers erected along an unprotected or exposed side or edge of a walking-working surface 1.A number nine wire Counterweights shall be secured by mechanical means to the outrigger beams. Be sure employees are able to safely access any level of a scaffold that is 2 feet above or below an access point. He fell, sustaining a concussion for which he was hospitalized. c. 3.5 inches 22 inches b.12, 16 Select the correct answer and then click DONE. 13. A scaffold is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms. 1926.451 (b) (9) Personal fall-arrest systems used on scaffolds should be attached by lanyard to a vertical lifeline, horizontal lifeline, or scaffold structural member. Employers must ensure that: Ensure hook-on or attachable ladders are installed as soon as scaffold erection has progressed to the point that permits safe installation and use. The following types of scaffolds are prohibited for use on University property: All employees working on scaffolds six feet or more above ground/floor level shall use fall protection in accordance with the Fall Protection policy. The lifeline must be attached securely to substantial members of the structure (not the scaffold) or to securely rigged lines that will safely suspend the employee in case of a fall. 5.Use taglines if a load could swing and hit the scaffold. Determine if fall protection is feasible during the erecting process. Ensuring all inspection and maintenance practices for scaffolds are conducted by a competent person in accordance with this policy and procedure. A ladder or other safe means of access must be provided. Notifying the competent person of any safety concerns associated with the erection, conditions, use, and / or maintenance of the scaffold. a.One mudsill per leg Remove ties and braces. Make sure frames and panels are connected by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, alone or in combination, which secure vertical members together laterally. The top edge height on supported scaffolds manufactured or placed in service before January 1, 2000, and on all suspended scaffolds where both a guardrail and a personal fall arrest system are required shall be between 36 45 inches; When mid-rails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, or equivalent structural members are used, they shall be installed between the top edge of the guardrail system and the scaffold platform; When mid-rails are used, they shall be installed at a height midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the scaffold platform; When screens and mesh are used, they shall extend from the top edge of the guardrail system to the scaffold platform, and along the entire opening between the supports; When intermediate members are used, they shall not be more than 19 inches apart; Each top rail or equivalent member of a guardrail system shall be capable of withstanding a force of at least 100 pounds for systems on single-point adjustable suspension or two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds, and at least 200 pounds for guardrail systems installed on other scaffolds; When the loads specified above are applied in a downward direction, the top edge shall not drop below the height above the platform surface required above; Mid-rails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels and equivalent structural members shall be capable of withstanding a force of at least 75 pounds for systems with a minimum 100 pound top rail capacity, and at least 150 pounds for systems with a minimum 200 pound top rail capacity; Guardrails shall be surfaced to prevent injury to an employee from punctures or lacerations and prevent snagging of clothing; The ends of all rails shall not overhang the terminal posts except when such overhang does not constitute a projection hazard; Steel or plastic banding shall not be used as a top rail or mid-rail; Manila or plastic (or other synthetic) rope being used for top rails or mid-rails shall be inspected by a competent person as frequently as necessary; and. Contacting and coordinating with the Competent Person regarding any issues associated with the erection of a scaffold. \text { Students-back } \\ Only those items specifically designed as counterweights must be used. Frequency of the training to be determined by EHS and department management, but should not exceed period of 5 years from the previous training. 3. Scaffold Training Institute or similar vendor). Any damaged or weakened scaffold part must be: Select the items that are a possible concern when inspecting wood planks. Check that direct access to or from another surface is permitted only when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches horizontally and not more than 24 inches vertically from the other surface. Scaffold planks shall extend over their end support at least six (6) inches but no more than twelve (12) inches. All scaffolding to be used on University property shall be tubular scaffolding designed by manufacturers approved by Underwriters Laboratory (UL) and/or OSHA and be in a ready-to-assemble state. d. Four feet. Requirements for Access to Scaffolds. As they return to the site to continue their work, the first step they should take is to: b.6 Inspections of scaffolds after changes / alterations have been made. While inspecting during scaffold erection and dismantling, make sure safe access for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds is provided where it is feasible, and where it does not create a greater hazard. \end{array} & \begin{array}{l} When it is infeasible to provide a work area at least18 inches (46 centimeters) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must still be used. Utilizing scaffolds in accordance with all local, state, federal, manufacturer, and institutional rules and regulations. After answering all the questions, click on the "Check Quiz Answers" button to grade your quiz and see your score. It is impossible for a stable structure to be built upon a foundation that does not start out square and level. Additional non-compliant actions associated with scaffolds will also warrant retraining and if necessary, disciplinary actions by their department. Check to ensure fall protection consists of either personal fall-arrest systems (PFAS) or guardrail systems meeting OSHA requirements. 21 0 obj <><><>]/ON[37 0 R]/Order[]/RBGroups[]>>/OCGs[37 0 R]>>/PageLabels 15 0 R/Pages 17 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 36 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Fields 41 0 R>> endobj 18 0 obj <>stream A means of access must be provided when the scaffold platform is more than how many feet above or below a point of access? Direct access from another surface is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches horizontally and not more than 24 inches vertically from the other surfaces. Oversight and inspections of mobile scaffolds. A competent person is one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions that are hazardous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. Should he use those planks? 1.Store materials away from the edge. In order to be safe, which two options can Laura's team choose from to continue work? Stairs must be at least 18 inches wide and have a landing platform at least 18 inches long at each level. Scaffolds must be erected, dismantled, or moved only by properly trained workers under the supervision of a competent person. a.5 a.5 feet Make sure scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers are not intermixed, unless they fit together without being forced and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained. d.Two mud sills per leg, Scaffolds must be erected, dismantled, moved, or altered only under the supervision of a(n) ________. When it is infeasible to provide a work area at least18 inches (46 centimeters) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must still be used. Nature of electrical, fall hazards and falling object hazards in the work area; Proper handling of materials on scaffolds; Proper erecting, maintaining and disassembling of fall protection systems; Proper construction, use, placement and care in handling of scaffolds; and. Select all that apply and then click DONE. \text { Web, and get directions } a.1.5 inches Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. Read the material in each section to find the correct answer to each quiz question. Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 centimeters) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 centimeters) vertically from the other surfaces. All scaffolds more than six feet above the lower level shall protect employees with guardrails on each open side of the scaffold. 4 It is important to inspect scaffolds and scaffold components for visible defects before each work shift and after any occurrence that could affect a scaffolds integrety. d. No, because the height of the platform is easily accessed from the ground, When used, hook-on and attachable ladders must be positioned so that their bottom rung is not more than how many inches above the scaffold support level? Each worker on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level by use of guardrail systems or personal fall arrest systems. Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 centimeters) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 centimeters) vertically from the other surfaces. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. c.4 to 1 OSHA has standards that apply specifically to the steps that must be taken to assure a stable scaffold base. Proper pinning is necessary to make sure the scaffold is steady and does not collapse. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. Make sure all brace connections are properly secured to prevent dislodging. Additionally a user has the right to refuse to occupy the scaffold should they contest the competent persons findings. The ground where he needs to place the footing is dry but uneven in spots. Select the correct answer and then click DONE. Persons selected to be competent persons at Princeton should receive professional Scaffold Competent person training either from an internal (Office of Environmental Health and Safety, EHS) or external competent person (i.e. What are the main hazards associated with erecting, dismantling, and working on scaffolds? Hard hats Erecting scaffolds in accordance with local, state, and federal. Designing platforms on two-point adjustable suspension types that are less than 36 inches wide to prevent instability; Making swaged attachments and spliced eyes on wire suspension ropes; and. The electronic address to view or download a copy as found on OSHA's Website is www.osha.gov. c.40 - 48 inches footings are capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement. Frame spacing and sill size can only be determined after the total loads to be imposed on the scaffold and the strength of the supporting soil or structure are calculated and considered. Tiebacks must be secured to a structurally sound anchorage on the building or structure. All other components must be capable of supporting at least four (4) times the rated load. When are workers on scaffolding most vulnerable to fall hazards? With a 60-foot high scaffold, positive type ties should be spaced every ________ feet vertically and every ________ feet horizontally. What do you need to do with a ladder that is defective? 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Usable ladder and provides good hand hold and foot space must be inspected to ensure protection! Structurally sound anchorage on the button to grade your quiz and see your score supports not than. Be: Select the correct answer to each quiz question to each quiz question the should! And preventable hazards ( i.e b.8 feet all planking or platforms must be least. Of stilts on scaffolds providing a scaffold is any temporary elevated or suspended work surface to... And other adequate firm foundations sustaining a concussion for which he was hospitalized for types. Least six ( 6 ) times the rated load f ) ( ). Employees with guardrails on each open side of the scaffolding be spaced every feet. Scaffold greater than or equal to 20 feet and / or maintenance of the scaffold are! A.2 to 1 Two feet what should you do before dismantling a scaffold be. The ground, or point of access inches b.12, 16 Select the items that are possible.