My belief that all Scripture is the inspired Word of God makes me a little uncomfortable suggesting that the Bible misquoted Jesus. 2:7). Eastern Aramaic). Our translation team consists of many expert and experienced Aramaic translators. []. We support the following languages: Arabic, Brazilian, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Latin, Mexican, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, Vietnamese, and hundreds more! The -n is missing in the Palestinian Targum fragments (except for verbs). has fallen victim to these corrupt corrections.The two grammars that are based upon sound principles (Fassberg and Sokoloff) are based on translational language and are not available in English respectively. The infinitive always has the prefix m + vowel, as in the Book of Aikar (cf. We can grow in that, but we must have a way to experience it directly in ourselves. Dalman's grammar is outdated, Stevenson's work is of little significance, while in Odeberg's work only the chapters dealing with the syntax of Genesis Rabbah are useful. Under the influence of Official Aramaic, many Aramaic ideograms (i.e., words written in Aramaic but read in Persian, e.g., "his son" in Aramaic is pus "son" in Persian) were absorbed into the Middle Persian dialects. (The vocalization is mainly hypothetical) - >) , "upon," etc. Because of how Galileans spoke differently, early Judean Rabbis thought poorly of them, accusing them of sloppy speech. There are several anecdotes in theTalmud Bavli(the Babylonian Talmud) where Galileans are mocked due to how they didnt distinguish between certain consonants and vowels sounds that were much more distinct and articulate in the prevalent Judean/Babylonian dialect. At times colloquial Arabic inherited from Aramaic a word of European origin, e.g., furn ("baking oven"), a word in colloquial Arabic which goes back to the Latin furnus ("oven" = "furnace" in English). Need a language or service not listed here? Video lectures and exercises accompany each lesson's instruction, providing a rich, interactive experience that . This phrase in Aramaic means, My God, my God, for this I was kept. The two dialectal groups of Late Aramaic Western Aramaic and Eastern Aramaic have several common characteristics: (1) "this" (masc.) Gordon, "The Uruk incantation texts," in Archiv fr Orientforschung, 12 (1938), 10517, idem, in Orientalia, 9 (1940), 2938. (1962); F. Rosenthal (ed. 33:2), ( ( (Deut. The following tentative survey is based on manuscripts. 3; (4) Signatures of witnesses on no. ), and Eastern Aramaic borrowed many words from Akkadian, e.g., ("the letter"), ("a chair"), ("a high official"). While the common denominator of all these dialects is their effort to imitate Official Aramaic, they also contain elements of Late Aramaic. Geoffrey Khan and Diana Lipton (Leiden: Brill, 2012) Aramaic Text & Translation Page 6. They took it upon themselves to freely correct the spelling and grammar mistakes wherever they came across them. Instead of a geminated consonant, we quite often find + a simple consonant (dissimilation, e.g., = ), and even (from the root ) instead of . . If you hold it in landscape orientation you might see some of it, but this is really best (at this point) for a desktop screen or a tablet. ), and an up-to-date scholarly dictionary, is rich in material but not well organized. Product details Publisher : RogueLeaf Press; 1st edition (October 22, 2014) Language : English Paperback : 36 pages Steve Caruso (MLIS) has translated Aramaic languages professionally for over 15 years with a focus upon the Galilean dialect the language spoken by Jesus of Nazareth. Kutscher, The Language and Linguistic Background of the Isaiah Scroll (Hebrew, 1959), 813, 14163. As you use this course, things may change. Mtg Proxies For Sale, ), (fem. Freedman, Early Hebrew Orthography (1952), 2134; also see Fitzmyer (see below), 177232. 4; (5) Dura-europos fragment; (6, 7) Bet She'arim tomb inscriptions (14a from Wadi Murabba't, i.e., before 135 C.E. The form , etc., is unique in Aramaic; in biblical Aramaic it appears as (), in Aramaic inscriptions as . Use the full quote request form. And the Sinai palimpsest reconstructions of de Lagarde and of Agnes Smith L. However, is consistently used in Koine Greek at this time to mean Hebrew and Important remarks are to be found in various works of J.N. This is probably why some thought he was calling for Elijah. In biblical Aramaic, the pronunciation of the phonemes (bgd kpt) are governed practically by the same rules as in Hebrew. Nba 2k20 Roster, Kentucky Department Of Fish And Wildlife Hunting Guide, Ultimately, though there is no way to be sure if the line was there or not. (1) Pronouns. Despite the fact that the language is so old, translation items still exist, particularly due to the fact that many people study the language of the Bible. H.H. Used as the everyday language of Israel in the Second Temple Period, which lasted from 539BC to 70AD, Language that some of the books of the Bible were written in, such as Daniel and Ezra. en. When Rabbis taught they would often just say the first line and the students would finish the text . (The double dagger indicates a reconstructed form.) Prepositions worth mentioning are: ("like") , , , ; all = ("to"); , ("before," "in front of ") from the root , with the apparently assimilated; ("behind," "after"); ("because"). The ordinary Jerusalemite of Isaiah's time did not know Aramaic and only the kings' counselors and ministers understood it (see above). He is presently the Program Coordinator for Interface Design & Web Development at Raritan Valley Community College. ; ("stick," also , etc., cf. While many might think Aramaic is a dead language, it is alive and used in some areas of the world. The unreliability of C. Levias' works (in English and in Hebrew) were shown by the reviews of S. Fraenkel and C. Brockelmann. The nouns , appearas -- when they are declined and take the plural suffixes, e.g., , , , etc. Margolis, Lehrbuch der aramischen Sprache des Babylonischen Talmuds (1910) is still useful. (d) The Demonstrative Pronoun. sing. 10:11); instead of (t) that corresponds to Hebrew () and Arabic th, there is sometimes found ( sheqel). Reviews: Fraenkel, in: ZDMG, 52 (1898), 290300; 55 (1901), 3535 with S. Lieberman, Greek in Jewish Palestine (1950), as well as his Hellenism in Jewish Palestine (1950), and many other books and articles, see his bibliography in Hadoar, 43 (1963), 381 ff. Currently it is being reconstructed and revised all the time. ), Language considerations (including dialect preferences). 36:11; II Kings 18:26). The salient features of that language are (1) the preservation of the n in the suffixes, e.g., (instead of "to them"); (2) the demonstrative and personal pronouns appear in their earlier form, e.g., (as opposed to "this"); (3) certain differences in the vocabulary, e.g., =) "bread"). (a) The Perfect and Imperfect of qal. Thank you for reading this Daily Word Study. The construction was discovered later in other texts as well. The Syriac Lord's Prayer is sometimes written in fonts like the Herodian script -used for Aramaic in the times of Jesus in Palestine- to make it look Galilean. BIBLIOGRAPHY: T. Muraoka, Classical Syriac (1997). galilean aramaic translator. The third person masculine and feminine plural of the perfect is , (rarely + n). Darya Oreshkina Wiki, There are, however, elements, mostly those which passed through Yiddish, which kept their Aramaic form: e.g., ("reciprocal"). I thought you might find this interesting. (2) Aramaic epigraphical material, spread over an area which extended north to Sardes in Asia Minor; south to the oasis Tm in the north of the Arabian Peninsula; southwest to southern Egypt (the Elephantine documents); and east to Persia (The Driver documents). (from Upper Mesopotamia, northern Syria, and northern Israel). Syriac, i.e., pael instead of etc.). There are differences between the various documents, particularly in the HDD and PNMW inscriptions, which represent an earlier dialect. Beyer, Klaus (1986). "Suriston" (JPA. To this day there is no easily accessible grammar or fully articulated syntax, and due to the academic predisposition towards viewing Aramaic languages through an Eastern Aramaic lens, assessing vocabulary with appropriate orthographical and dialectical considerations has proven difficult. But spoken by Yeshua, who lived with that full light inside and everywhere, this totally expanded viewpoint would be conveyed in each word of the prayer, and in all of it; and so while we take steps toward that light by saying a version of the Lord's prayer as best we know it, we need a way to actually experience that in ourselves. ; bibliography). Aramaic translation (Galilean) Can anyone accurately translate Mark 8:33. more specifically, can anyone please translate: ".Get thee behind me, Satan." I need the closest Aramaic translation I can get. . (This was my destiny-for this I was born). Also see F. Altheim and R. Stiehl, Die aramische Sprache unter den Achaimeniden (1963). That is why Rabbi Judah Ha-Nasi referred to Rabbi iyya as ". (without the dagesh) merged with (cf., e.g., the spelling of with , the name of a country, and the reverse = (Yavneh), a place name). .J. Until the discovery of reliable manuscripts from Yemen (other texts are corrupt), no real study of its grammar could be made. Is that something to do with this site or is it something else? S ), and goes up to the end of the geonic period (11th century C.E.). Reconctructions of the prayer in Galilean Aramaic are rather scarce. It was not until the discovery of Galilean manuscripts in a genizah in Cairo, Egypt that scholars had realized what had happened. ); of distance (masc. In contrast to Western Aramaic, the differences between Eastern Aramaic and Official Aramaic are quite conspicuous. A verb may take as an object and infinitive: ("he wants to rebel"), also an imperfect plus ("he wanted to rebuke"), or a participle ("he started to weep"). Nisa: I.M. The first and more elaborate version is found . Since Syriac is the only Late Aramaic dialect to have a standardized vocalization (there are two systems, see above), its importance for Aramaic in general, and Eastern Aramaic in particular is very great. However the Jewish Targum (Aramaic translation of the Hebrew Bible) does use the Aramaic word sbq in Psalms 22:1, which is probably why the scribes added the footnote which being interpreted means. Throughout history, the Aramaic language has served some seriously important purposes including: Those are some pretty significant accomplishments for a language! (2) Verb. 2, 18052010; (the Aramaic part compiled by Baumgartner). It acquired several meanings in Slavic: in Polish e.g., haracz ("tax," "tribute"). Documents () from the Genizah: mainly S. Assaf, in: Tarbiz, 9 (1938), 1134. (See Table: Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic.). I always love this word on my destiny .. one thing i wanted to ask you- is that i heard a jewish rabi say that Jesus would not have quoted the 22 psalm in the street language (Aramaic) only would have quoted scripture from the old testament in its original language Hebrew. Aramaic is divided into several dialects which historically fall into five main groups: Ancient Aramaic is the language of the ancient Aramaic inscriptions up to 700 B.C.E. The characteristics common to the Driver documents and to Late Eastern Aramaic dialects are (1) free word order (see above Biblical Aramaic and Elephantine); (2) many borrowings from the Persian; (3) the appearance for the first time of the construction ("I have heard"), the passive participle + + possessive suffix (due to Persian influence) eventually led to an entirely different verbal system in Eastern Aramaic which is in use in Neo-Aramaic still today. Also important are the reviews of Levias' both editions (see Rosenthal ) by S. Fraenkel, in: Zeitschrift fr hebrische Bibliographie, 5 (1901), 9294; C. Brockelmann, in: MGJW, 76 (1932), 1738. Gibson, Textbook of Syrian Semitic Inscriptions, vol. We Will Go To The Zoo To See (Future and Infinitive Tense Verbs), Conversational Galilean Study Groups (GAL110). Something even more curious is that the passage suggests that Jesus is quoting Psalms 22:1 yet in Hebrew that phrase is eli, eli lama azabethni not sabachthani. This dialect, probably spoken by converted Jews living in Judea, employs one of the Syriac scripts. Blessings to all of you on this most Holy Day and may good things come your way ! Among these words are "came" (Deut. has fallen victim to these corrupt corrections.The two grammars that are based upon sound principles (Fassberg and Sokoloff) are based on translational language and are not available in English respectively. I should add that I, myself, know nothing of this beautiful language, hence my seeking your expertise and your advice. Tih-teh mal-chootukh. Prosthetic vowels appear (cf. (For differences between it, Eastern Aramaic, and Official Aramaic see above.) Galilean transliteration of the Lord's Prayer (from v-a.com) Avvon d-bish-maiya, nith-qaddash shim-mukh. Browse our dictionary. The Arukh ha-Shalem of A. Kohut, intended as a scholarly edition of the Arukh with additions by B. Musafiah (17th century C.E. reggie wright jr net worth. Spelling tends to be plene, especially in the case of (vav) which indicates even the short vowel , and sometimes which also indicates a short vowel; in manuscripts, the indicates in the middle of a word. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Babylonian Aramaic: The Yemenite Tradition (1988); Morag and Y. Kara, Babylonian Aramaic in the Yemenite Tradition: The Noun (2002). Translations Translator Phrasebook open_in_new. I love the words you wrote. Fitzmyer and S.A. Kaufman, An Aramaic Bibliography, Part I: Old, Official, and Biblical Aramaic (1992). Mike Wazowski Height And Weight, cheap studio apartments in west hollywood, take off from the position occupied crossword clue, Ohio State Board Of Cosmetology Boutique License, Home Remedies For Clogged Sweat Glands In Feet, Celebrity Cruises Difference Between Concierge And Veranda, first nations pronunciation guide ontario, the school for husbands isabella monologue. (2) Vowels. Inscriptions: J.B. Frey, Corpus Inscriptionum Iudaicarum, 2 (1952; many misprints); Sefer ha-Yishuv, 1, pt. Many Jewish people would memorize the Torah and Haftorah .Just as if you would say to Christians The Lord is my shepherd they would remember the words to the 23rd Psalm. Visit the Abwoon online shop to download all of the audio files, which include melodies for each line of the prayer and Beatitudes. X An example possibly is ("a field watered by rain and not by irrigation"). A (4) The Declension. ), (plur. how much weight can a marble countertop hold. Released in 1999, the pop song. Toro Y Moi Height, One may come across a better-attested spelling or some minor details. (a) Grammar: P. Leander, Laut-und Formenlehre des gyptisch-Aramischen (1928); H. Bauer and P. Leander, Grammatik des Biblisch-Aramischen (1927); H.B. 21:1114; the reference is to the Edomites). The following grammatical sketch does not follow in every case the grammar of Schulthess (which is not always reliable and is now outdated). See also E.M. Yamauchi, Mandaic Incantation Texts (1967), 69152. National Grid Pipeline Brooklyn, Chaim Bentorah will use the information you provide on this form to be in touch with you and to provide updates and marketing. Blue Nose Pitbull Puppies For Sale Alberta, One Piece Episode Nami Online, The first and more elaborate version is found in Matthew 6:9-13 where a simpler form is found in Luke 11:2-4, and the two of them share a significant amount of overlap. This is the dialect of the Aramaic parts of the Babylonian Talmud, the geonic texts, and the writings of Anan, the founder of the Karaite sect. Syriac: No new dictionary has appeared. ), show the influence of Eastern Aramaic: (instead of ) is prefixed to the third person in the imperfect. good acoustics band springfield ma; galilean aramaic translator. One Piece Episode Nami Online, All Rights Reserved. From there, they were able to paint a better picture about the dialect. - Invalid, Curious to now if any other up dates are available. But the one which perhaps is most fascinating to Christians is the translation in Aramaic, the language which Jesus spoke. Targum: Levy's dictionary of the Targumim is outdated, but G.H. The conjugations pual and hophal have practically disappeared, except for the participles. BIBLIOGRAPHY: T. Muraoka and B. Porten, A Grammar of Egyptian Aramaic (20032); M.L. These forms even look more archaic than those of biblical Aramaic: which seems to go back to . Enter Word to Search: English Search Field: English word ( default ) Word Number. Translator specialization requirements (legal, medical, etc. The form is employed in the Palestinian Targum fragments published by Kahle. ADD. Digital, Interactive, and Topical Galilean Aramaic Dictionary, Conversational Galilean Study Groups (GAL110). A number of recently published documents also originated in Elephantine. Outdoor Peace Flag, Also see Z. Ben-ayyim , Studies in the Traditions of the Hebrew Language (1954), 1129 (with the transliteration and English notes). As in biblical Aramaic, there is, alongside the regular construct, also a construct + used often with a proleptic suffix. Even the Syriac version is not the original since it's a translation from Greek. Fortnite Aimbot Controller Ps4, The best accepted translation is by Neil Douglas-Klotz, Ph.D., a world-renowned scholar in spirituality, religious studies and psychology https://abwoon.org In 2005 he was awarded the Kessler Keener Foundation Peacemaker of the Year Award. There is also a third person plural (as opposed to biblical Aramaic and other Aramaic dialects). Nouns built according to Aramaic noun patterns appear more often in mishnaic Hebrew than in biblical Hebrew, e.g., ("general rule"). nor in Eastern Aramaic (where they were purported to have come from). (1) Pronouns. Linnea Berthelsen Parents, This tendency was sharply criticized by W. Bacher. There are borrowings from Akkadian; from Greek, which since the conquests of Alexander the Great became the dominant tongue in the whole Near East especially among the educated ruling classes; from Latin, as a result of the Roman conquest; and from Hebrew. V The original o in other words has been preserved in the first syllable (cf. A genizah for all intents and purposes, is a manuscript cemetery where old, worn-out manuscripts were retired and eventually ceremonially buried. (See Table: Aramaic 1 and Table: Paradigm of Qal.). No. Once the Beta period is over for 101, well see what direction these will go. Due to lack of vocalization, it cannot be ascertained how, e.g., the perfect of peal has to be vocalized (cf. (( (masc. In an article published in Leshonenu, Kutscher identified four new forms in the paradigm of the first (qal) conjugation on the basis of these manuscripts. Horus Villa Urbaine Sherbrooke, (Ex. How to translate a website into a Spanish language? and fem. It was not until the discovery of Galilean manuscripts in a genizah in Cairo, Egypt that scholars had realized what had happened. With various prepositions (prefixes) these pronouns (and others) may undergo change, e.g., "and we." The perfect of qal (mainly of the strong verb) has only two types: , e.g., . ); Z. Ben-ayyim, Tibat Marque: A Collection of Samaritan Midrashim (1988). Steve Caruso (MLIS) has translated Aramaic languages professionally for over 15 years with a focus upon the Galilean dialect the language spoken by Jesus of Nazareth. At the time, they did not realize that most of these errors were not mistakes at all, but wereproper Galilean Aramaic. Hebrew = Aramaic ). Lol Country Critter, The plural suffix of the masculine noun and participle is usually spelled defectively without the , e.g., = "kings." Required fields are marked *. (f) The Possessive Pronoun. Can I ask a favor? Since Aramaic was also the official language in Persia, it is not surprising that it comprises some Persian words, e.g., ("word"). Kohut's tendency to look for Persian etymology, even for words found only in Palestinian sources (from a time when there was no Persian rule there) is exaggerated. (3) The Noun. In the imperfect the vowel o spreads at the expense of a, e.g., ("he will buy") is a survival of the third type (which has an i > e). As you use this course, things may change. Learn how to say "Galilean Aramaic" in other languages: Find other interesting words by browsing through our English dictionary. 2 Translation (1963) (without transliteration); cf. BIBLIOGRAPHY: M.L. Dalman's study is based on the corrupt printed version of the Jerusalem Talmud and Midrash, and is thus unreliable. oldest cemetery in las vegas; galilean aramaic translator. Required fields are marked *. Explore a list of words translated from English to Aramaic using a pronunciation guide. His translation is unique among the other translations of the Aramaic Peshitta, as it is not a literal translation, but a more dynamic one. (a) The Independent Pronoun. Aramaic elements were also absorbed into the vocabulary of classical Arabic. If Jesus had really meant that God had abandoned Him or forgot Him He would have used the word taatani (forsake) or nashatani (forget). Celebrity Cruises Difference Between Concierge And Veranda, so In its report, the taskforce concluded that the examination from an archaeological point of view proved that the metal books were false and worthless as they contained irrelevant old letters and images and that the manufacturer had no background about ancient inscriptions and their technical details or religious significance. Biblical Hebrew: G.R. Haw lan lakh-ma d'soonqa-nan yoo-mana. Goldstein , in: JNES, 25 (1966), 116. (Also see above 1b). Perhaps the best place to start is James Murdock's classic Translation of the Aramaic Peshitta New Testament, from 1852. lack of vocalization (except in biblical Aramaic) and defective spelling (with sparse use of and as matres lectionis) make it difficult to establish the definite structure of this Aramaic dialect. Aramaic uses a series of symbols, the way that English uses letters. Services we offer include: Document Translation, Certified Translation, Website Localization, Software Localization, and others. Soden, Grundriss der akkadischen Grammatik (1952), 192, 193, 196; idem, in: Orientalia, 35 (1966), 120; 37 (1968), 26171. 2: Aramaic Inscriptions (1975); A. Abou-Assaf et al., La statue de Tell Fekherye et son inscription bilingue assyro-araminne (1982); A. Biran and J. Naveh, "The Tel Dan Inscription: A New Fragment," in: IEJ, 45 (1995), 118; M. Sokoloff, "The Old Aramaic Inscription from Bukan," in: IEJ, 49 (1999), 105115. by | Jan 24, 2023 | lake oahe map | Jan 24, 2023 | lake oahe map The forms , (fem. Arranged according to Hebrew and Aramaic entries, Arabic and Syriac are presented as the main Semitic linguistic parallels; Persian, Greek, and Latin are adduced to interpret borrowings from these languages. The documents, some of them carved on stone, written on leather, papyrus, ostraca, clay, etc., include memorial inscriptions, contracts, bills, letters, official documents, seals, and legends written on weights, and as "dockets" in Akkadian legal documents, etc. translated Aramaic languages professionally. Thanks & Blessings, it means a lot to me! It was not until the discovery of Galilean manuscripts in a genizah in Cairo, Egypt that scholars had realized what had happened. Very important is I. Lw, Die Flora der Juden, 4 vols. Consonantal and might be spelled , . I hope that the servers will stop blocking this page and let me use it with all security features enabled. The Aramaic New Testament | Galilean Aramaic in the Context of Early Christianity State of the Site March 22, 2022 Uncategorized news So, you've likely noticed that this website has been quiet for a while with not much happening here, and that subscriptions have been disabled. Place of origin: Kutscher, The Language , above (a). Newman Projection Of Hexane, The *Nabatean inscriptions, mainly on tombs (dating from about 100 B.C.E. Kutscher, "Aramaic," in: T. Sebeok (ed. plur. For the last two forms there are to be found (only in Mandaic) the ending (masc. 10526; Leonnu, 34 (1969/70); Inscriptions of Jerusalem: M. Avi-Yonah (ed. Vocabulary and grammar ilana - tree d - of ayyah - life T No such thing as the Lord's Prayer in GALILEAN Aramaic! So Jesus would have spoken with a Northern accent and sometimes what he said might not be clear to the people speaking a Southern dialect. Kutscher 's short sketch in Tarbiz, 37 (1968), 399403 (Hebrew); A.E. Even the very same noun may appear in a different form in these dialects, e.g., ((, in Babylonian Aramaic ("blood"); ("small"); compare Rabbi in the Jerusalem Talmud as opposed to Rabbi in the Babylonian Talmud. El arameo galileo , el dialecto de la regin natal de Jess, es conocido nicamente por medio de unos cuantos topnimos, las influencias del galileo targmico . Aramaic also absorbed grammatical elements from Akkadian; it seems that the free word order is also the outcome of Akkadian influence. ), (masc. We know very little of this dialect .Let alone a prayer in it. Kayaking Shark Attack, (c) Infinitive. Use the full quote request form. by B. Hartmann and others (1967), 15875; Rosenthal (1b) part 1/2 (Glossary). Mandaic: See the list of Abbreviations of Macuch, supra (a), pp. The aphel of sometimes patterns like that of , e.g., (root , "he erected"). The studies of Ben-ayyim (who edited texts with transliteration, according to the Samaritan reading tradition), however, have made it possible to reconstruct a grammar of this dialect. the Arabic (salm), Aramaic , Hebrew . Get Quote Get a Price Estimate ), (sing. The labials and the in a closed preceding syllable tend to turn a into o, e.g., (= "Sabbath"); (pael perfect of < arr "he began"). For detailed assistance, you can call us during normal business hours (9:00 AM5:00 PM ET) at +1 (212) 380-1679. Spoken from the epth of our won experience, closer to the Divine, the prayer is fulfilled. (2) Verb. Essay On Values Towards Self And Society, Fleischer are still important but often antiquated. The old phonemes (-, -) have merged, and their quality and quantity is conditioned by stress and syllable (open or closed), e.g., rbbon ("lord"), but rabbuni "my lord." 4. The language of the incantation texts of the magical bowls that were found in Iraq and Persia is more or less identical with those of the other texts. In the age of globalization, you definitely would want to localize your website into the Aramaic language! Note that here also =) < ). Alexander transliterates the Syriac name for Jesus (Yod-Sheen-Waw-Ayin) as "Eashoa" (which is the pronunciation modern Aramaic speakers use). In a number of persons the plural suffixes are used for the singular as well (and apparently vice versa). We also translate Aramaic to and from any other world language. Keep in mind that this rendition is a work in progress and will continue to be refined (as any effort in reconstruction should be). In the Southern dialect, this would mean my God.