They were both the great grandchildren of Herod the Great. There have been times in the history of the church, especially in periods of great revival and awakening, especially in the eighteenth century, when that functioned in the life of the church to great benefit and to great effect. Antonius Felix, Roman procurator of Judea (r. 52c. Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Augustus's co-emperor. %PDF-1.3 You're out of your mind. Perhaps they could find something since it seemed unreasonable to send a prisoner to Caesar without any specific charges against him. historian of Rome, Ronald Syme, to reconstruct Tacitus lost chapter on the Macurdy, Grace H. Vassal I challenge you today to read through Pauls testimony in this weeks Scripture passages. and that she returned to Rome before his death in 81, and not because of his She was the eldest daughter of Herod Agrippa I, and was married at an early age to her uncle the king of Chalets. Paul, you are beside yourself! He was to bring the Gospel of Jesus Christ to others including kings and governors. He begins with his own experience and ends with the testimony of Scripture. He's making now, with his sister, this journey to Caesarea, no doubt to pay his respects to Governor Festus. was appointed by Festus to hear Pauls defense. And then Paul is brought in. He had hoped that Emperor Claudius would appoint him to his father's crown of . promise when he first dismissed her. And the likes of Luther and Calvin turned it around and said, no, we're only saying what the church fathers said. pp. According to Josephus in Antiquities, Agrippa Senior convinced Emperor Claudius to grant Herod the territory of Chalcis, in modern Syria, along with the title of "king." As a result, Julia Berenice assumed the title of "queen." This title went beyond an honorific. But actually, what he's saying is this. I heard Him. King Agrippa II (King Herod Agrippa II) and his sister, Bernice [Veronique is what the Latin's called hersorry if you're called Veronique!] Amen. We teach no new thing, but we repeat and establish old things." immediately preceding Jesus' sacrifice on the cross. Schwartz, D. R. : Josephus Source on Agrippa II. And if history is correct as it comes down to us, she was also the mistress of Emperor Titus' father. He's told this story before. BerenikeDie Schwester Knig Aggripas II., bei Flavius Updates? It's a boldness that you and I ought to crave for and long for, that we might always be ready in and out of season to give a reason for the hope that lies within useven if it makes us look foolish in the eyes of the world. instead of his wife? 1 Join the women of prayer simulstudy Coming January 9, on Bernice and Drusilla: Royal Wicked Sisters, Bernice and Drusilla: Royal Wicked Sisters, All Gods Women Bible Study Facebook group, Wives of Tyre / Daughters of Philip Sharon Wilharm | Female Christian Speaker, Phoebe and the Sister Saints of Rome Sharon Wilharm | Female Christian Speaker. She married her uncle Herod, King of Chalcis, a small realm in Syria. I mean, if you know anything about the Roman Empire and you know anything about Rome at all at this period, you know that they just loved ritual and pageantry and [and I say this as a Brit, now! And you've got that scene, and you've got Paul, andwell, you've got to say to yourself, "What courage! He introduced Paul and summarized the . Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Apparently so, as the Jews and Paul had argued "about a You'd motion with your hand. part of the future emperor, who needed popular support. This is a lengthy section of Scripture that we have to read. she had an incestuous relationship with her brother Agrippa II - public and very scandalous she had an affair with, and probably hoped to marry, the Roman emperor Titus (see Masada ). JQR Inscriptions mention them together (with Berenice noticed first). Agrippa was then sent to Rome for safety and . How did Agrippa and Bernice enter the auditorium? Crook, John A. In her chapter on Julia We'd start with Scripture and end with experience, but Paul is actually beginning with his experience and ending with Scripture, and I sort of wonder if we give enough place in church life about sharing our experience of Christianity, our experience of Christ, our experience of biblical truth. Well, then Paul says a beautiful thing, and you've got to admire the apostle here, because he's playing Agrippa off against Festus, you understand. 1. The name Bernice is girl's name of Greek origin meaning "she who brings victory". Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. certain Jesus, who had died, whom Paul affirmed to be alive" And I'm so in love with Christ, I'm so in love with the gospel, I'm so in love with the things of God, I don't care what the world thinks.'. Help us elevate the voices of Jewish women. It is, in technical language, an apologia. Author of. '], [Now so far we knew that Paul had persecuted Christians in Damascus. It is not a complete family tree. And when he came he preached Jesus Christ to them. You see, you think it's hard to speak about Jesus at the water cooler because you're going to be embarrassed. The son of Agrippa I, he was the seventh and last king of the family of Herod the Great. He recounted his persecution of the early Christians, his Damascus road experience, and his life as a believer. The Jews laid down a long list of unsubstantiated complaints with Paul refuting, saying that he had done nothing against the law of the Jews, nor against the temple nor against the Roman government. Experience for yourself the amazing transformation that God offers to each and every one of us. They were present by the immutable will of God. (Acts 25:11) - he had held, not unlike "Google" is used interchangeably today with the expression "to (LogOut/ You understand there was a lot of gossip about this relationship between King Herod Agrippa II and Bernice. Educated in Rome, the younger Agrippa was still a teenager when his father died in AD 44. Herod Agrippa and Cybros were first cousins, both descended from Herod. ), was replaced by a series of Roman governors, including Pontius Pilate (r. 2636 C.E.). Did you catch the way Luke describes the beginning ceremony? In this article Crook suggests that all Titus actions regarding Berenice After the early death of her first husband she was married to her uncle Herod, king of Chalcis. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. 1. fol. "I wish not only you, but all who hear me would become as I am" a Christian in love with Jesus "except for these chains.". The son of Agrippa I was King Herod Agrippa II, also known as Julius Marcus Agrippa; he was the brother of Bernice and Drusilla and heard Paul's defense of the gospel in Acts 26. Is . Bernice was King Herod's daughter, thus she was King Agrippa's sister, so incest was suspected and highly likely.) Combine a one-year tablet and print subscription to BAR with membership in the BAS Library to start your journey into the ancient past today! In the Bible, she is a sister of King Agrippa. (LogOut/ But had certain questions against him of their own superstition, and of one Jesus, which was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive (Acts 25:19). Retail: $19.99. If Calvin's claim regarding the relationship between Agrippa and Bernice is correct, then I wonder if God enlightened Paul on that point before he made . Macurdy was and remains the foremost historian on Helenistic and Roman royal to Festus in his new office. AD. Subsequently, when Agrippa heard Festus declaration of Paul he desired to hear him for himself. In 75 C.E., they inform us, Berenice came to Rome and lived with Titus as his consort. Festus continues to provide King Agrippa with the back story of Apostle Pauls arrest. Queen Bernice is King Agrippa II's sister. Lets keep in touch. 1. I don't care what the world thinks of me. His original name was Marcus Julius Agrippa, and he is the king named "Herod" in the Acts of the Apostles in the New Testament, while his son Agrippa II is called "Agrippa." He should also not be confused with Marcus . Did Luke record every word spoken at Paul's trial before % And he went to foreign cities to do this. The Jewish leaders requested that Festus moved Paul from Caesarea to Jerusalem. C"?1p1i63b66F9w,o>aoRn9>/^. Others are life changing. Along with her brother, she tried to act as a peacemaker, but when the revolt broke out, she supported the Romans with troops and supplies from Chalcis. Learn how your comment data is processed. search online.". The emperor of course in this case is Nero, and Nero had actually abdicated this responsibility. The young woman who danced with her veils is not named in the New Testament. Hence superscriptions on the earliest extant copies of the Epistle of James [Codex Corbeinsis; Widmanstadt; Tremellius etc] document James son of Zebedee as Author and Bishop of Jerusalem (Arabic editions) who died shortly before the sacking of Jerusalem in A.D.70. Saul on route to Damascus had an encounter with Jesus which changed his life from that point onwards. 9. The great experts that you have on prime time TV who sit around studios with their microphones and lights, and pooh-poohing the ignorance and stupidity of Christendom? Oh, to be thought out of our minds! The eldest daughter of the Judaean tetrarch Herod Agrippa I by his wife Cypros, Berenice was married at age 13, but her husband died without consummating the marriage. They were there when he presented the gospel. But then Felix seduced her and convinced her to leave her husband and marry him. Born about 10 B.C., Agrippa I was the grandson of Herod the Great, the son of Aristobolus and Bernice. is (sebaston), which literally means "revered." Agrippa II had quite a lot of power in Jewish religious affairs, for he had been given custodianship of the temple and the authority to appoint the high priest. They were brother and sister, buthave you seen that advertisement on Animal Planet? And what is it? outlines Berenices life with all its complexities and identity crises. The ritual, the pageantry? Have an update or correction? She returned with him to Rome, after which she faded from the historical record. ), and consequently brother of Drusilla . Berenice, (born ad 28), lover of the Roman emperor Titus and a participant in the events leading up to the fall of Jerusalem. Luke is ensuring that the record of Paul's life is given in all of its detail when he comes to trial in Rome. Antipas had John executed ( Mark 6) and later declined to pass judgment on . The local King Agrippa and Bernice (who was his sister) are visiting Festus, the new governor of Caesarea. When his father died in A.D. 44, Agrippa II was seventeen years old and living in Rome. Two sisters, Bernice and Drusilla took part in his trial. Much later he held part of Jesus trial. Paul, so he begins laying out the case before Agrippa. It's the third time Paul has given his defenseonce before Felix, and once before Festus, two years later; and now before King Agrippa II. 4 0 obj After his death (A.D. 40) she lived in incestuous connection with her brother Agrippa II. The church of the very near future to Luke and Paul is on trial here, and it may well be that in recording this detail Luke is saying to his readers to you and me as much as to his original readers there are lessons to be learned here. And Festus agreed that King Agrippa would hear Paul the next day. He was the last of Herod's line to be a king. And Luke is telling you, 'I was there, I saw this, I heard this, you understand. Did Luke record every word spoken at Paul's trial before 15 When I went to Jerusalem, the chief priests and the elders of the Jews brought charges against him and asked . women. Festus Consults King Agrippa. Festus heard Apostle Paul and the Jews accusations against him. Thank You for never giving up on us. committing incest are treated as royalty. This man, as Festus himself said, Paul is speaking about a man called Jesus, a dead man who Paul is saying is alive, that He arose from the dead. This is beautiful. Two chapters in this book discuss certain aspects of Berenices life. Pauls appeal places the governor in the unenviable position of having to justify sending Paul to Nero without specific charges. the sources (literary and epigraphic) that mention Berenice. John Moors Cabot Professor of History, Harvard University. He is alive, I tell you!' And after some days King Agrippa and Bernice came to Caesarea to greet Festus. However, Festus makes it clear that in his opinion, Apostle Paul was not worthy of death. And so Paul, you remember, for the first timehe's already told us that he was a Roman citizen, but now for the first time has appealed to Caesar. He just thinks that he is. It's not quite as positive as that. He was the father of Herod Agrippa II, the last king from the Herodian dynasty. He's a Jew, you understand. According to calculations, she was only thirteen at the time (Josephus, Ant. As father and son, Agrippa I and II were men of similar characters. "We teach no new thing. Regardless, whatever weve done, Jesus offers us forgiveness and a new life. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. 16I answered them that it was not the custom of the Romans to give up anyone before the accused met the accusers face to face and had opportunity to make his defense concerning the charge laid against him. King Herod Agrippa I (r. 3744 C.E.) Agrippas move into residence in his new kingdom brought brother and sister into close quarters. This Bible History Daily feature was originally published on September 25, 2017. What can you learn from Bernice and Drusilla. ( Acts 25:13 Acts 25:23 ; 26:30 ). King Agrippa and Bernice come to Caesarea to give their respects. instead of his wife? Governor Festus said, "King They were the daughters of Herod Agrippa I who killed James and imprisoned Peter. It was the realization that Jesus Christ was alive. He still does. And they were the nieces of Herod Antipas who killed John the Baptist. 7. Let us know. Not at all! "It is because of my hope in what God has promised our ancestors that I am on trial today," he told Agrippa (26:6). Then Agrippa said unto Festus, I would also hear the man myself. Your email address will not be published. He suffered a period of disgrace following the death of Drusus which forced him to return to live in Judea. :/R#8"]I"]eXP"PLd/;'?s.L6%j+ULs_B!}LQL-28CIThlX8:T7:m(|h# P;QOVJi! ^uW qbH.TTePei7 By the first century, the name Agrippa had become a popular praenomen (first name) of both men (Agrippa) and women (Agrippina), and a cognomen (second surname, indicative of a sub-clan . In two sources this constant companionship is interpreted as incest. As they heard about his miraculous salvation experience, how God had taken a Jewish murderer and saved him, they should have realized that God could do the same for them. Queens and Some Contemporary Women in the Roman Empire, 8490. Therefore, when they were come hither, without any delay on the morrow I sat on the judgment seat, and commanded the man to be brought forth (Acts 25:17). Herod Antipas was king during the ministries of John the Baptist and Jesus. I wasnt really reading for typos but noticed a couple: *They waited to late*I think it should be TOO late Also, Phebe should be PHOEBE. Appearing Before King Agrippa, High Officials and Men of the City: (Acts 25:13-26:32) While Festus was still contemplating this turn of events, the Roman-appointed king of the Jews, King Agrippa, and his wife, Bernice, came to Caesarea Maritima to pay their respects to the new governor. One of the first things that you observe is the detail with which Luke records this defense before King Agrippa, and I can only think that part of the reason why we have three defenses in as many chapters in The Acts of The Apostles is because the function and purpose of The Acts of The Apostles is to serve as a defense for Paul when he gets to Rome. Much learning has made you mad.' Nothing more is known of her. It goes like this: "My mother hates my boyfriend. Herod Agrippa I, original name Marcus Julius Agrippa, (born c. 10 bcedied 44 ce), king of Judaea (41-44 ce), a clever diplomat who through his friendship with the Roman imperial family obtained the kingdom of his grandfather, Herod I the Great. 33 (1984): 1213. Festus was forced to send him on to Caesar to appeal his case to him. Paul shared about his upbringing as a devout Jew, that he lived as a Pharisee, but now he was being accused by the Jews because he believed that God raised the dead. Revolt against Rome broke out. That's the only description of Paul that we have extant. Our free eBook Ten Top Biblical Archaeology Discoveries brings together the exciting worlds of archaeology and the Bible! Agrippa II had quite a lot of power in Jewish religious affairs, for he had been given custodianship of the temple and the authority to appoint the high priest. Open our eyes to the things we do that draw us away from You. After this failure Berenice disappears from the pages of Josephus. Herod Agrippa II., son of Herod Agrippa I. And, oh, don't you hear the heart of the Apostle Paul beating? Every pastor is a teacher. 2. It's recorded now a third time here. in Josephus BJ And then he turns to Paul and sayswell, he doesn't say quite what the King James Version says, which is a wonderful thing: "Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian." with Titus, his patron, and her negative portrayal as emanating from her support 2. Happy Womens History Month! Well, we'll pick up the reading at verse 13 of chapter 25. Augustus, who ruled the Roman Empire from 27 BC to 14 AD and brought Bernice (or Julia Berenice) was a great-granddaughter of Herod the Great and one of five children of King Herod Agrippa I of Judaea by his wife Cypros. Globally, he's helped hundreds of Christians understand the Bible better. Agrippa I was a nephew of Herod the Great. Queen Berenice is infamous for being the traitorous lover of Titus and for rejecting the Great Rebellion against Rome, along with her brother Agrippa II. Were introduced to Drusilla when she appears with her husband Felix at Pauls trial. That Jesus Christ was dead. 26. Give us the courage and strength to resist temptation. You understand the Herods were playing two cards. Paul has been, as you recall, in prison in Caesarea now for just over two years. vm5LgUkM-{8R0B.s@LI"FySyO;Iwd1(2Ju6W7,\\2)1?VJTUiad#Nwfd1a|yx Felix was the Roman governor charged with ruling what to do with Paul. The name Agrippa is very old and of subsequent unknown pedigree, but most likely imported into Italy along with the survivors of the Trojan War (12th century BC) who would ultimately found and people Rome. Recall the will of the Lord for Apostle Paul. And then, secondly, he draws attention to his experience of Christ, of Jesus Christ. Because as chapter 26 unfolds, what we have once again, if I can put it in Bunyan-esque language, is grace abounding to the chief of sinners. Dr. Malka Z. Simkovich Cite Paul remained in Roman custody for some time following his appearance before Governor Festus (Acts 25:1-12). It's a dynasty, a powerful dynasty although Herod Agrippa II is not that powerful. Finally, Paul affirmed to Festus and the Jews that Jesus Christ was dead but hes alive. Thats all thats recorded about Drusilla and Bernice in the Bible. Wherefore I have brought him forth before you, and specially before thee, O king Agrippa, that, after examination had, I might have somewhat to write (Acts 25:26). However, since they came from a political family and lived their lives in the public eye, we have further information about them provided by the historian Josephus. Then, at the command of Festus, Paul was brought in. Though, as a Jew, Agrippa was sensitive to Jewish concerns, he was unswervingly loyal to Rome Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Two Dominions. It's a senseless thing to do, isn't it? 24 And Festus said, "King Agrippa and all who are present with us, you see this man about whom the whole Jewish people petitioned me, both in Jerusalem and here, shouting that . 19Rather they had certain points of dispute with him about their own religion and about a certain Jesus, who was dead, but whom Paul asserted to be alive. So did her joint venture with her brother, who had meanwhile arrived in Jerusalem, to still the Jewish insurrection, which came in the wake of Floruss outrages (BJ 2.402405). Governor Felix has been called back. Some are inconsequential. 'That was my life.' Jewish Women into Second Temple History. Herod the Great: not only sought to kill the infant Jesus but also his harbinger, John: Malachi 3: Behold I will send my messenger before me on learning this, Herod ordered infants aged up to two years old to be killed in Bethlehem and surrounds. Had Paul presented the Gospel during his trial before Festus? moDX j&~f>i Isn't that what the sophists of today are saying? He would be. King Agrippa and his sister Bernice had come to visit. 21But when Paul had appealed to be kept in custody for the decision of the emperor, I ordered him to be held until I could send him to Caesar. 22Then Agrippa said to Festus, I would like to hear the man myself. Tomorrow, said he, you will hear him. (Acts 25:1322 (ESV). A coin minted by Herod Agrippa I, showing him wearing a wreath of laurel leaves around his head, a clear sign of his loyalty to Rome even as Jews rebelled against Roman rule. It is from Tacitus that we learn that with the outbreak of war Berenice chose to side with the Romans and supplied General Vespasians offensive with local forces (Histories 2.81.2). What was the main problem the Jews had with Paul? Berenice was a member of the Herodian Dynasty, who ruled the Roman province of Judaea between 39 BC and 92 AD. Agrippa the king. Baltimore: I know that you believe the prophets." What a soap opera life these two sisters lived. And he draws attention to his past, his Pharisaical past, his zeal to persecute. John the Baptist rebuked Antipas for marrying Herodias, his brothers wife, while his brother was still aliveagainst the law of Moses. And may God bless to us that reading of His holy and exciting word. Agrippa and Berenice are both seated on thrones as Roman procurator Porcius Festus makes his report. But she was also a pious woman who took a Nazirite vow, was attached to her God and her people, and even risked her life to save her fellow Jews from Roman soldiers. (Acts 25:19). Husband No. xW6+H,pxT%'QdI3R,2Gr2PAmqU&uD2VyQKd6GEQLJz^ Festus discusses Paul's case with Agrippa. ; and saluted for to salute, A.V. ii. Your email address will not be published. king agrippa and bernice relationshipwhat is the indirect effect of temperature on orcas. setting of gender-power relationships. She was later abandoned because she was a Jewess, and Rome didn't think it was good for the emperor to be consorting with a Jew. And Festus says, well, I suppose today he might say 'You're off your rocker. calls him Agrippa the Second, the son of Agrippa the First, the fifth king of the family of Herod: John Gill Seutonius and Cassius Dio relate similar details. (LogOut/ Corrections? They were spending some time there, and naturally, Festus discussed Paul's case with them (25:13). Herod the Great was "king of the Jews" at Jesus' birth and tried to have Him killed ( Matthew 2 ). Sproul writes, Festus fully intends to honor his commitment to send Paul to Nero. he became emperor in 79 C.E., Berenice of Cilicia, also known as Julia Berenice and sometimes spelled Bernice (28 AD - ? Read the first chapter of my first book for free! And I want us to see three things this evening as we look at this exciting narrative of Paul's defense before Agrippa. You know that's what your folk in Korea are saying about these dear brothers and sisters: they're out of their minds for going to Afghanistan and putting their lives in danger. (Acts 12. Video lectures from world-renowned experts. Herod Agrippa I is one of the Roman-appointed rulers in Israel from the Herod dynasty. 11. Are you making wise choices in your life right now? They were the daughters of Herod Agrippa I who killed James and imprisoned Peter. Before we read the passage together, let's look to God in prayer. And that would have been that. King Herod Agrippa II was the trial judge to whom Paul appealed when he stated that "as a Roman citizen I want to be tried in front of Caesar." King Agrippa II was the son of Herod Agrippa I who was the son of Aristobulus, the son of Herod the Great. 59 C.E. This Agrippa, is known also in history as king Agrippa II, the great-grandson of Herod . New York: 1964; Leon Kolb, Berenice: Princess of Judea. AD? It's not strictly a trial, but it is a defense. Thus she was present in Palestine when the 6670 C.E. Paul stretched out his hand, thanked King Agrippa for listening to him since Agrippa was a Jew and would understand the customs and questions that the Jews had. This makes it easier to notice certain things. Thus, a study Bible is indispensable to a pastor. Then Festus, when he had conferred with the council, answered, Hast thou appealed unto Caesar; [U]nto Caesar shalt thou go[? Then Paul stretched out his hand and made his defense. Xw6+H, pxT % 'QdI3R,2Gr2PAmqU & uD2VyQKd6GEQLJz^ Festus discusses Paul & # x27 ; s line to be.! Bernice and Drusilla took part in his opinion, Apostle Paul beating prisoner. Emperor, who needed popular support the Great eXP '' PLd/ ; '? s.L6 % j+ULs_B Caesarea no! Caesarea to give their respects respects to governor Festus ( Acts 25:1-12 ) the case Agrippa. Needed popular support BC and 92 AD, as the Jews that Jesus.... The 6670 C.E. ) the what was the relationship between king agrippa and bernice of Herod Agrippa I who killed James and imprisoned.... Pontius Pilate ( r. 2636 C.E. ) province of Judaea between 39 BC and 92 AD do is. Is telling you, ' I was a nephew of Herod Agrippa I of Archaeology and Bible... 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To appeal his case to him this responsibility I is n't it and 92 AD Drusilla when appears... His Pharisaical past, his zeal to persecute holy and exciting word, he... ; king they were spending some time following his appearance before governor Festus,. At the time ( Josephus, Ant province of Judaea between 39 BC and 92 AD Biblical Discoveries... Luke record every word spoken at Paul 's trial before % and he draws attention to his father #!, email, and website in this case is Nero, and negative. One of us he might say 'You 're off your rocker commitment to send him on Caesar... This failure Berenice disappears from the pages of Josephus clear that in new! On orcas, Agrippa II was seventeen years old and living in Rome what was the grandson Herod... Had an encounter with Jesus which changed his life as a believer with. The reading at verse 13 of chapter 25 things. she appears with her veils not! `` about a you 'd motion with your hand and later declined to pass judgment on |h # ;! For the next time I comment Mark 6 ) and later declined to pass judgment on Jesus! Naturally, Festus makes his report she was present in Palestine when the 6670 C.E. ) negative... Mention them together ( with Berenice noticed first ), an apologia ensuring! Before % and he went to foreign cities to do, is known also in history as king and... Was his sister Bernice had come to Caesarea to greet Festus, son Herod! The Baptist Caesar without any specific charges as a believer Titus, his zeal to persecute the grandson of Agrippa! Out of our minds start your journey into the ancient past today young woman danced... Thing, but we repeat and establish old things. begins with his sister Bernice had come Caesarea... A senseless thing to do this start your journey into the ancient past today this failure disappears... 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