Among others, he shared the name with his father and. Arnold reopened the secret channels with the British, informing them of Schuyler's proposals and including Schuyler's assessment of conditions at West Point. His grandfather, after whom he was named, was one of the founders of the Rhode Island colony, but Arnold's father was the opposite of the upstanding Benedict Arnold I. His father was also called Benedict Arnold and his mother's name was Hannah Waterman King. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Arnold was born in Connecticut. But despite all the financial and political reasons he had for his betrayal, it's possible it was actually about love. Name: Ethan Allen; Birth . She couldand did. [90], Arnold and Andr finally met on September 21 at the Joshua Hett Smith House. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. For his services he was restored to his proper relative rank. Some theatrical treatments of the 19th century explored his duplicity, seeking to understand rather than demonize it. He started as an apprentice He arrived before Quebec City in November, after a difficult passage in which 300 men turned back and another 200 died en route. He later revealed that he expected to obtain the command of West Point, New York, and asked the British for 20,000 for betraying this post. In May 1775, Arnold's forces eventually clashed with the British at Fort Ticonderoga - nestled along the shores of Lake . Despite Arnold's defection to the British, he was a fierce patriot for . 1.Saint Benedict was a teenager when he became a monk. He returned a hero, but his rash courage and impatient energy had aroused the enmity of several officers. From there, he was ordered to Vermont where he met with Ethan Allen. Arnold was promoted to brigadier general for his role in reaching Quebec, and he maintained an ineffectual siege of the city until he was replaced by Major General David Wooster in April 1776. [6] In December 1780, he led a force of 1,600 troops into Virginia under orders from Clinton, where he captured Richmond by surprise and then went on a rampage through Virginia, destroying supply houses, foundries, and mills. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). "[144] The victory monument at Saratoga has four niches, three of which are occupied by statues of Generals Gates, Schuyler, and Morgan. Clinton refused this suggestion; after a military tribunal, Andr was hanged at Tappan, New York, on October 2. [58] She married Arnold on April 8, 1779. American, then British officer after defecting during the US Revolutionary War (17401801), For other people named Benedict Arnold, see, Raids in Virginia and Connecticut colonies, Arnold's birth records indicate that he was born January 3, 1740 (, One British pound in 1776 would be worth about 160 in 2019. [55], Andr conferred with Clinton, who gave him broad authority to pursue Arnold's offer. He knew that he was distrusted and disliked by senior military officers on both sides. The Portrayal of Benedict Arnold in American History", Military career of Benedict Arnold, 17751776, Military career of Benedict Arnold, 17771779, A Proclamation to the Officers and Soldiers of the Continental Army, "The Crypt Center Church on the Green New Haven, CT", 10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0200008, "Independence National Historical Park: History of the President's House", "The Culper Spy Ring American Revolution", "Loyal American Regiment Historical Treks", "Native Norwich Is Ignoring Benedict Arnold", "Benedict Arnold: The Aftermath Of Treason", Saratoga National Historical Park Tour Stop 7, "In Commemoration of Arnold's Expedition to Quebec", "Letter: Some recognize Gen. Arnold as true hero of the Revolutionary War", "By Brigadier-General Arnold, A proclamation to the officers and soldiers of the Continental army who have the real interest of their country at heart, and who are determined to be no longer the tools and dupes of Congress, or France [Signed]", "Netflix's America: The Motion Picture fails at just about everything", "Netflix's 'America: The Motion Picture' knows who its audience is. He also peppered Washington with complaints about the lack of supplies, writing, "Everything is wanting. [73] By October 1779, the negotiations had ground to a halt. Arnold's early life consisted of study at some of the Continent's best private schools. Arnold returned to England in 1791, but he left to spend several years privateering in the West Indies before permanently settling in London. As a teenager, Arnold's family faced financial hardship. [138] The boy is not identified until the end of the story, when his place of birth is given as Norwich, Connecticut, and his name is given as Benedict Arnold. He later said in his own defense that he was loyal to his true beliefs, yet he lied at the same time by insisting that Peggy was totally innocent and ignorant of his plans. From psychological wounds received in his Connecticut childhood when his alcoholic father squandered the family's fortunes? The second was Benedict Arnold. Later he became infamous for being a traitor, fighting for the British. At his request, a court martial was held to clear his name. 4. Or was it a kind of extreme midlife crisis, swerving from radical political beliefs to reactionary ones, a change accelerated by his marriage to the very young, very pretty, very Tory Peggy Shippen? [101] From the ship, he wrote a letter to Washington[102] requesting that Peggy be given safe passage to her family in Philadelphiawhich Washington granted. When the British took control of Philadelphia in 1777, Peggy met John Andr, a charming, well-educated British officer. Apparently, Arnold also had self-confidence issues and his new wife Peggy wasn't helping the situation. Various translations of Sun Tzu's The Art of War have been published over the past century. Corrections? One thing that we can set aside is any notion that the dish was named after Benedict Arnold, the Revolutionary War general who became the most famous American traitor in history after he defected to the British army and became a general for the other side, leading troops against those he once commanded. "[102], The British gave Arnold a brigadier general's commission with an annual income of several hundred pounds, but they paid him only 6,315 plus an annual pension of 360[b] for his defection because his plot had failed. Wilson believes that the explanation most consistent with the available documentation is that Sage was either the result of a liaison before Arnold left England or that he was Arnold's grandson by one of his older children. I used the widely accepted 1910 translation by the sinologist Lionel Giles, available in various . A historical marker in Danvers, Massachusetts commemorates Benedict Arnold's 1775 expedition to Quebec Bayley Seton Hospital in the Clifton section of Staten Island was named in part for Richard Bayley, father of Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton Especially galling was a long feud with the civil authorities in Philadelphia which led to his court-martial. [66] Biographer Nathaniel Philbrick argues: Peggy Shippen did have a significant role in the plot. John Andr was executed for spying. Peggy Shippen had barely turned eighteen when in June of 1778, following the evacuation of Philadelphia by a British army, Major General Benedict . 10 interesting facts about st benedict. [1][7] Arnold was the fourth surviving member of his family named after his great-grandfather Benedict Arnold I, an early governor of the Colony of Rhode Island; his grandfather (Benedict Arnold II) and father, as well as an older brother who died in infancy, were also named for the colonial governor. It was donated by Civil War General John Watts DePeyster, and its inscription reads: "In memory of the most brilliant soldier of the Continental army, who was desperately wounded on this spot, winning for his countrymen the decisive battle of the American Revolution, and for himself the rank of Major General. At critical moments Arnold inspired the Patriots with his grit and determination and earned the admiration of George Washington. The first man was a British major named John Andre. 0:00. He was a general that preferred to lead in the front then the back, always riding his horse into battle alongside his men. He returned to the army at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, in May 1778 to the applause of men who had served under him at Saratoga. Benedict Arnold's name might be the first that comes to mind when we think of treason not just because he was a traitor, but because he was such an unlikely one. Arnold's friend, George Washington, was heartbroken over the news, but was forced to deal with the treacherous act. For a time, he was a successful businessman, but after yellow fever took the lives of three of the Arnold children, the patriarch was devastated. [6][103] Among his bequests were considerable gifts to one John Sage, perhaps an illegitimate son or grandson. 1:38. Benedict Arnold was born on January 14, 1741 in Norwich, Connecticut and named after his His mother was Hannah Waterman King, a rich widow. This meeting was thwarted when British gunboats in the river fired on his boat, not being informed of his impending arrival. Answer (1 of 54): Go up to most British people and ask who Benedict Arnold was, and you will get a resounding "who?" back. [103] The anti-war Whigs had gained the upper hand in Parliament, and Germain was forced to resign, with the government of Lord North falling not long after. Arnold remained there until July 1781 and then returned to New York. [42] Amid negotiations over that issue, Arnold wrote out a letter of resignation on July 11, the same day that word arrived in Philadelphia that Fort Ticonderoga had fallen to the British. Why did Benedict Arnold betray the Continental Army to the British? Samuel Spring carried him to the makeshift hospital at the Htel Dieu. He followed up that action with a bold raid on Fort Saint-Jean on the Richelieu River north of Lake Champlain. His difficult time in New Brunswick led historians to summarize it as full of "controversy, resentment, and legal entanglements" and to conclude that he was disliked by both Americans and Loyalists living there. Upon the outbreak of hostilities at Lexington, Massachusetts (April 1775), Arnold volunteered for service and participated with Ethan Allen in the successful colonial attack on British-held Fort Ticonderoga, New York, the following month. Benedict Arnold passed away on 3 March 1849. [132], Early biographers attempted to describe Arnold's entire life in terms of treacherous or morally questionable behavior. [117] After her first voyage, Arnold returned to London in 1786 to bring his family to Saint John. Benedict Arnold was born a British subject, the second of six children of his father Benedict Arnold III (16831761) and Hannah Waterman King in Norwich, Connecticut, on January 14, 1741. What happened to Benedict Arnold after he betrayed the Continental Army to the British? Benedict Arnold was unhappy with his position in the Continental Army by the time he betrayed the cause of the American Revolution to the British. Historians have several theories about why Arnold became a traitor: greed; mounting debt; resentment of other officers; a hatred of the Continental Congress; and a desire for the colonies to remain under British rule. In the House of Commons, Edmund Burke expressed the hope that the government would not put Arnold "at the head of a part of a British army" lest "the sentiments of true honour, which every British officer [holds] dearer than life, should be afflicted". Bettmann / Corbis "You have five. In the later part of the conflict, Arnold was commissioned as a brigadier general in the British Army, and placed in command of the American Legion. [63][64], Arnold had an extremely ambitious and jealous personality. After trying and failing to hand the fort at West Point over to the British, he joined the Royal Army and took . Despite his popularity and battlefield prowess, Benedict Arnold eventually broke bad. While Benedict Arnold escaped to British-occupied New York, where he was protected from punishment. Later Arnold revealed to the British that he expected to receive the command of American forces at West Point, New York, and agreed to surrender that garrison to them for 20,000. His action at Ridgefield, coupled with the death of Wooster due to wounds sustained in the action, resulted in his promotion to major general, although his seniority was not restored over those who had been promoted before him. He was the second of the couple's six children. He was imprisoned by French authorities on Guadeloupe amid accusations of spying for the British, and narrowly eluded hanging by escaping to the blockading British fleet after bribing his guards. Neither side knew for some days that the other was in agreement with that offer, due to difficulties in getting the messages across the lines. The two-story edifice occupied a lot on the west side of Market between East Main and Division Streets. He could not cope with failure and disgrace. Through the early morning hours of Sept. 22, 1780 the two plotted. [148] He was buried at St Mary's Church, Battersea, England which has a commemorative stained glass window. Promoted to the rank of brigadier general, Arnold constructed a flotilla on Lake Champlain and inflicted severe losses on a greatly superior enemy fleet near Valcour Island, New York (October 11, 1776). In April of 1775, after learning about the conflicts at Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts, Arnold organized his men in preparation for a march to Cambridge to aid in the fight against the British . At a prearranged rendezvous point on the shoreline his contact arrived just after midnight. After the usual exchange of greetings I ventured to request from him some letters of introduction to his friends in America. Background. [141] Historian Barry Wilson points out that Arnold's descendants established deep roots in Canada, becoming leading settlers in Upper Canada and Saskatchewan. With Benedict Arnold, he led the Green Mountain Boys to capture Fort Ticonderoga from the British in 1775. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. This was the last straw. He marched with 700 men by way of the Maine wilderness, a remarkable feat of woodsmanship and endurance, and, reinforced by Gen. Richard Montgomery, attacked the well-fortified city. Arnold had three sons with Margaret Mansfield:[150][151]. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benedict-Arnold, American Battlefield Trust - Biography of Benedict Arnold, Dictionary of Canadian Biography - Biography of Benedict Arnold, The Washington Library Center for Digital History - Biography of Benedict Arnold, United States History - Biography of Benedict Arnold, Benedict Arnold - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Benedict Arnold - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Benedict Arnold: meeting with Maj. John Andr. [77] Arnold worked over the next few months to publicize this fact; however, Washington published a formal rebuke of his behavior in early April, just one week after he had congratulated Arnold on the birth of his son Edward Shippen Arnold on March 19:[78], The Commander-in-Chief would have been much happier in an occasion of bestowing commendations on an officer who had rendered such distinguished services to his country as Major General Arnold; but in the present case, a sense of duty and a regard to candor oblige him to declare that he considers his conduct [in the convicted actions] as imprudent and improper.