Their language was named after them. Australian forces attacked German New Guinea in September 1914. Estimated Population 2020-2050 Estimated Population Estimated Median Age Estimated Urban / Rural Oceania demographics 2022 Portuguese navigators, between 1512 and 1526, reached the Maluku Islands (by Antnio de Abreu and Francisco Serro in 1512), Timor, the Aru Islands (Martim A. Melo Coutinho), the Tanimbar Islands, some of the Caroline Islands (by Gomes de Sequeira in 1525), and west Papua New Guinea (by Jorge de Menezes in 1526). Papua New Guinea Raja Ampat, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia. By 75 Ma, Zealandia was essentially separate from Australia and Antarctica, although only shallow seas might have separated Zealandia and Australia in the north. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. "Australia". Although disagreeing on details, scientists generally support a theory that calls for a Southeast Asian origin of island peoples. 7 30 N, 134 30 E. Map references. "[114], In her 1997 book Australia and Oceania, Australian historian Kate Darian-Smith defined the area as covering Australia, New Zealand and the islands of the Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [280] In the tropical western Pacific, the monsoon and the related wet season during the summer months contrast with dry winds in the winter which blow over the ocean from the Asian landmass. New Caledonia sends two representatives to the French National Assembly and two senators to the French Senate. [93] He further included in his definition Sakhalin, an island which is geologically part of the Japanese archipelago, but that has been administered by Russia since World War II. These industries play a small role in the Hawaiian economy, due to the shipping distance to viable markets, such as the West Coast of the contiguous U.S. It is calculated as the average number of children an average woman will have during her reproductive period (15 to 49 years old) based on the current fertility rates of every age group in the countries within Oceania, and assuming she is not subject to mortality. [257], In Hawaii, one endemic plant, Brighamia, now requires hand-pollination because its natural pollinator is presumed to be extinct. What Is The Population Of Oceania. [369] Popular Australian destinations include the Sydney Harbour (Sydney Opera House, Sydney Harbour Bridge, Royal Botanic Garden, etc. [198], The first people of the Northern Mariana Islands navigated to the islands and discovered it at some period between 4000 BCE to 2000 BCE from South-East Asia. [275] The goanna is a predatory lizard native to the Australian mainland. What is the most populated city in Oceania? [38] American geographer Sophia S. Cornell claimed that the Aleutian Islands were not part of Oceania in 1857. [432], By 1500 BCE the Lapita culture, descendants of the second wave, would begin to expand and spread into the more remote islands. [117] The International Union for Conservation of Nature stated in a 1986 report that they include Easter Island in their definition of Oceania "on the basis of its Polynesian and biogeographic affinities even though it is politically apart", further noting that other oceanic islands administered by Latin American countries had been included in definitions of Oceania. The governor is elected statewide. [288] A few islands in the northwest, such as Guam, are susceptible to typhoons in the wet season. [414] The New Zealand recording industry began to develop from 1940 onwards and many New Zealand musicians have obtained success in Britain and the United States. [376][377] There are two major political groups that usually form government, federally and in the states: the Australian Labor Party and the Coalition which is a formal grouping of the Liberal Party and its minor partner, the National Party. [397][398] The Story of the Kelly Gang (1906), the world's first feature length film, spurred a boom in Australian cinema during the silent film era. [372], In 2003 alone, according to state government data, there were over 6.4 million visitors to the Hawaiian Islands with expenditures of over $10.6 billion. [248] The coastal uplands and a belt of Brigalow grasslands lie between the coast and the mountains, while inland of the dividing range are large areas of grassland. [135] The Stockholm Journal of East Asian Studies stated in 1996 that Oceania was defined as Australia and an ensemble of various Pacific Islands, "particularly those in the central and south Pacific [but] never those in the extreme north, for example the Aleutian chain. Australia and New Zealand stand out in rugby, enjoying outstanding participation in world tournaments, in which other countries such asArgentinaparticipate . "[140], American marine geologist Anthony A. P. Koppers wrote in the 2009 book Encyclopedia of Islands that, "as a whole, the islands of the Pacific Region are referred to as Oceania, the tenth continent on earth. Chai, Makana Risser. Oceania's land surface forms 6.4 per cent of that of the earth, although by the end of the second millennium its inhabitants numbered only 31 million or 0.5 per cent of the world's population.. Australia and New Zealand, along with other countries, are members of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and the East Asia Summit (EAS), which may become trade blocs in the future particularly EAS. [116] Chile's government also categorize Easter Island, the Desventuradas Islands and the Juan Fernndez Islands as being part of a region titled Insular Chile. For the 1943 Australian film, see, Kppen climate classification of selected regions in Oceania, Historical and contemporary interpretations, Green & Pawley, 1973, "Dating the Dispersal of the Oceanic Languages", Although based on a superficial understanding of the Pacific islanders, Dumont dUrvilles tripartite classification stuck. In the politics of Papua New Guinea the Prime Minister is the head of government, and the head of state is the monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a Governor-General. What Is The Population Of Oceania? [56][57], The new terms Near Oceania and Remote Oceania were proposed in 1973 by anthropologists Roger Green and Andrew Pawley. In 1905 the British government transferred some administrative responsibility over south-east New Guinea to Australia (which renamed the area "Territory of Papua"); and in 1906, transferred all remaining responsibility to Australia. attiarndt/Getty Images Area: 178,703 square miles (462,840 sq km) "[102] In 1948, American military journal Armed Forces Talk broke the islands of the Pacific up into five major subdivisions; Indonesia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia and the non-tropical Islands. [170][171][172][173][174] Both were uninhabited when discovered by Europeans during the 17th century. [42][43][44] In her 1961 book The United States and the Southwest Pacific, American author Clinton Hartley Grattan commented that, "the use of the word Oceania to cover Australia, New Zealand, and the [Pacific] islands now has a slightly old-fashioned flavor. [210], In the quest for Terra Australis, Spanish explorations in the 17th century, such as the expedition led by the Portuguese navigator Pedro Fernandes de Queirs, sailed to Pitcairn and Vanuatu archipelagos, and sailed the Torres Strait between Australia and New Guinea, named after navigator Lus Vaz de Torres. Beginning c. 1100 CE, the people of Easter Island would begin construction of nearly 900 moai (large stone statues). Fertility Rate: (Total Fertility Rate, or TFR), it is expressed as children per woman. [395][396] Since the mid-20th century, American popular culture has strongly influenced Australia, particularly through television and cinema. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [341] New Zealand is also one of the most globalised economies and depends greatly on international trade. [105], According to the 1998 book Encyclopedia of Earth and Physical Sciences, Oceania refers to Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, and more than 10,000 islands scattered across the Pacific Ocean. "[95], Charles Marion Tyler's 1885 book The Island World of the Pacific Ocean considered Oceania to ethnographically encompass Australia, New Zealand, the Malay archipelago and the islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. Tourists mostly come from Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States. "[55] In his 2013 book Reptiles and Amphibians of the Pacific Islands: A Comprehensive Guide, American herpetologist George R. Zug wrote, "what is and is not part of the Pacificparticularly the western Pacificis variously delimited", adding that "a majority viewpoint accepts the landmasses of Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, New Guinea, and eastern Australia, which face the open waters of the Pacific, as its western edge." "Huna, Max Freedom Long, and the Idealization of William Brigham". Hong Kong, partly located in another marginal sea of the Pacific (the South China Sea) was also included in his definition. Oceania is of all the least populated continent, with the exception ofAntarctica. [145][146] In their 2019 book Women and Violence: Global Lives in Focus, Kathleen Nadeau and Sangita Rayamajhi wrote that, "the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, and most of Indonesia are not usually considered to be part of the region of Oceania as it is understood today. In 1820, the first American missionaries arrived to preach Christianity and teach the Hawaiians Western ways. "[73] The Pacific Islands Forum expanded during the early 2010s, and areas that were already included in the UN definition of Oceania, such as French Polynesia, gained membership. [66] He divided Oceania into two subregions; Eastern Oceania, which included the islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia, and Southwestern Oceania, which included Australia and New Zealand. The bulk of thepopulation(92.1%) is concentrated in Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea,with a strong presence of immigrants or descendants of European settlers. [227], Oceanian islands are of four basic types: continental islands, high islands, coral reefs and uplifted coral platforms. Main countries of Oceania With 24.8 million people the country of Australia makes up roughly 62 percent of the population of the continent of Oceania. It further states, "In its broadest definition Oceania embraces all islands and island groups of the Pacific Ocean that lie between Asia and the two American continents. Many animals of Oceania have become true symbols of the continent. More answers below Quora User Oceania population is equivalent to 0.54% of the total world population. [24] Before Europeans arrived in the area, the sea shielded Australia and south central Pacific islands from cultural influences that spread through large continental landmasses and adjacent islands. [367], Tourism in Australia is an important component of the Australian economy. High islands are of volcanic origin, and many contain active volcanoes. This is in spite of the geographical distance separating these areas from Hawaii, which technically lies in the North Pacific. The total population of Oceania minus mainland Australia is about 18 million. Modern-day Indigenous Australians are loosely related to Melanesians,[161][162] and Australia maintains political influence over Melanesia,[159] which is mostly located on the same tectonic plate. The Pacific islands, on the other hand, subsist mostly ontourismand fishing. The Department of Health is currently seeking an Executive Director for the Population and Public Health Branch. [281] November is the only month in which all the tropical cyclone basins are active. [420] Distinctive ingredients or dishes include lamb; salmon; koura (crayfish);[421] whitebait; shellfish including dredge oysters, paua, mussels, scallops, pipi and tuatua;[422] kumara (sweet potato); kiwifruit; tamarillo; and pavlova (considered a national dish).[423][419]. [273] The koala, emu, platypus and kangaroo are national animals of Australia,[274] and the Tasmanian devil is also one of the well-known animals in the country. Which includes the present-day countries of Brunei, East Timor, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore. The Indonesia subdivision consisted of the islands of the Malay archipelago, while the non-tropical islands were categorized as being North Pacific islands such as Alaska's Kodiak archipelago, the Aleutian Islands, Japan, the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin. Tourism New Zealand, the country's official tourism agency, is actively promoting the country as a destination worldwide. Semiarid / steppe For forecasted years, the U.N. medium-fertility variant is used. It is held every four years and began in 1963. 5.2 million), Melbourne (pop. In this book the other two continents were categorized as being the New World (consisting of the Americas) and the Old World (consisting of Afro-Eurasia). Cocos Island and Malpelo Island were not explicitly referenced in the book, despite being areas which would fall within this range. Other Austronesian areas such as Indonesia and the Philippines were not included, due to their closer cultural proximity to mainland Asia. Micronesian colonists gradually settled the Marshall Islands during the 2nd millennium BCE, with inter-island navigation made possible using traditional stick charts.[199]. 7 30 N, 134 30 E. Map references, Malaysia, first! 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