The flowers give way to bright red fruits, which will remain on the tree until fall unless they are eaten by hungry birds. Prune damaged roots from a purchased tree, then transplant it from its tub or burlap wrap by gently place the tree in a hole that's a foot wider than the root spread so the roots can spread out. Cornus Sanguinea in Europe: Distribution, Habitat, Usage and Threats. Dogwood trees are a collection of tree species that belong to the dogwood genus ' Cornus'. The fall color is not very showy. In summer, the bright green foliage creates a canopy that can be used for shade, and red-orange berries arrive, which adds a vibrant contrast of color. Although the individual blooms are small, a giant dogwood in full bloom is magnificent. The pointed leaves turn up at the margins. Uses in the landscape for Cornelian cherry dogwoods include a specimen tree, lawn tree, or shade tree. These features of flowering dogwoods give the trees four-season visual appeal. The star-shaped flowers stand out beautifully against the foliage and later develop into berries which are an important source of food for birds and other types of wildlife. In fall, the foliage will develop to intense shades of red and purple before falling to the ground. Its leaves form in clusters, and the cream-colored blooms thoroughly cover the plants branches. 15 Popular Types of Dogwood There are 17 varieties of dogwoods native to North America. Pagoda Dogwood 12. Pineapple or Cranberry Juice: What Do They Do to Girls, 4 Fruits (and Foods) That Make Your Vagina Taste Better. It is recognized by its pyramidal crown that flattens as it matures. The 15 types of Dogwood trees include: Flowering Dogwood Common Dogwood Mountain Dogwood Kousa Dogwood Gray Dogwood Cornelian Dogwood Canadian Bunchberry Stiff Dogwood Pagoda Dogwood Rough Leaf Dogwood Red Twig Dogwood Giant Dogwood Siberian Dogwood Himalayan Dogwood Brown Dogwood Red Osier Dogwood Cornus Glabrata Dogwood Walter's Dogwood The rough upper leaf surfaces and white fruit make it easy to identify rough-leaf dogwood. Size: 6 to 8 feet tall and 10 to 12 feet wide. Its leaves are dark green, and they have prominent veins. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. The small white flowers appear in clusters called cymes, and have an unpleasant odor. You will likely need to prune common dogwood yearly (or perhaps even more) to keep it in check, as it can spread. The smooth leaves have characteristic veins that bend up toward the tip. Stiff dogwood (also known as swamp dogwood) is a large shrub or small tree. Silky dogwood blooms in May or June. Chinese dogwood is turning red and ripening, and fortunately the birds go after these fruits first, giving us a bit more time to harvest the seeds before they are eaten or they fall off the tree. The Summer Gold dogwood (Cornus kousa Summer Gold) has bright green leaves with golden edges that turn pink in the fall before turning fiery red. They can grow up to 20 feet tall, and varieties of dogwood trees include Kousa, Cornelian Cherry, and Canadian Bunchberry. Vanessa Richins Myers has a BS in horticulture and over 10 years of training and experience as a professional horticulturist and gardener. The dark-green leaves are lance-shaped and turn purplish-red in the fall. The white dogwood is the one that has edible berries. You can eat the fruit of Cornus kousa - Korean Dogwood - Chinese Dogwood - Japanese Dogwood It is customary to eliminate the astringent skin of the dogwood berries before eating it, but the meat has a peculiar, sweet flavor resembling stone fruits. You can plant a kousa dogwood tree in acidic, nutrient-rich soil with good drainage. These plants are wildly popular because they provide interest year-round with blooms early in the spring, berries in the summer, and stunning fall colors. Both types of berries are shiny, bright red oblong fruits. The latter two are introduced species that have earned a place in American gardens because they are more disease resistant than native species. Dont forget that natural products arent always risk-free, and the proper dosage is critical, too. Many dogwood shrubs grow well in soil that is wet for short periods during the growing season, which makes them suitable for rain gardens and low spots in the landscape. Look for this species to have new bark that is orange-brown each year. It is very adaptable in terms of the growing conditions it will tolerate and can grow in full sun right through to almost total shade. Brown Dogwood 2. Young plants may have attractive red stems, but this sometimes fades to dull green in mature plants. This fruit-producing tree is prized for its attractive shape, edible red globe-shaped berries, and spectacular red and purple fall foliage. Some have winter flowers, others offer stunning bracts in late spring, colourful winter stems, striking autumn foliage or berries. There are approximately 17 dogwood varieties that are native to North America. Red-osier dogwood has nectar-rich flowers pollinated by many species of both long- and short-tongued bees, wasps, and butterflies. Here are some exciting dogwood facts before we get into the different kinds of dogwood trees, edibility, and proper tree care. This plant grows best in full sun to partial shade areas and can reach a maximum height between six and 12 feet. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. The silky dogwood, C. amomum, bears gray-blue berries and the yellow-flowering cornelian cherry, C. mas, yields an edible harvest of orange-red berries, resembling tiny pear tomatoes. This variety of dogwood grows to 10 feet (3 m.) tall and offers small yellow flowers in spring. The flowers will remain intact for several weeks, followed by glossy green foliage. Bright yellow colors appear in late winter or early spring, followed by densely growing green foliage, then clusters of small red cherry-like drupes. 5. These fruits grow in clusters, characterized by their round shape and bumpy texture similar to a strawberry. Cornelian cherry dogwood is another name for this berry, and it creates clusters of tiny yellow flowers. This shrub has tan or gray bark that has a mottled, exfoliating texture that can be quite attractive in winter. Family Cornaceae (Dogwood Family). In contrast, the flowering dogwood berries have a woody growth on one end. The berries are bright red with an oval shape and grow in small clusters on the tree. They will also consume other types of fruit including grapes, cherries, mulberries, and blueberries; however, their diet consists mostly of insects during breeding season. This may be a tree to avoid planting near the sidewalk or porch. Cornelian cherry dogwood (Cornus mas) is a European species that thrives in zones 5 through 8, although it looks ragged by the end of the season in areas with hot summers. We'll assume you're ok with this. Before the leaves change, however, numerous dogwood species show distinctive and lovely foliage. As one of the most common types of trees with a range of cultivars, each having distinct characteristics, there are numerous dogwoods to choose from. Walter Dogwood is a medium-sized deciduous tree with a height and breadth of 30 to 40 feet. Pruning is mostly for aesthetic reasons to reshape the tree and to remove dead branches. While there are 17 types of dogwoods native to North America, the following 12 varieties are most commonly found. Kousa dogwood is an excellent small specimen tree. Some species even have colorful stems that offer winter appeal. The giant Dogwood grows best in the sun to partial shade and moist, well-drained soil. This tree starts flowering 2 to 3 days after C. florida has stopped flowering. often to create a border for a yard or to define a specific outdoor area. It reaches heights of 15 to 20 feet (4.5-6 m.). The ovate leaves are dark green and have a leather-like texture with a glossy surface. Native to eastern Asia, the kousa dogwood also goes by the names Chinese dogwood, Korean dogwood, and Japanese dogwood. Shop at our Thrive Life food store. However, most gardeners find the foliage of red twig dogwoods less appealing in fall. Continue reading for our complete list of the most popular types of dogwoods to inspire your garden planning. Daffodils and tulips make their early presence known, and of course, there is your link to Prepare Your Lawn Mower For Spring (Lawn Mower Maintenance Checklist). This can help you in narrowing down your choice of what dogwood tree to use for specific spots in your landscape. This dogwood grows natively in southern Canada and the northwestern US. Weve gathered a list of 15 different types of dogwood trees and shrubs to help determine which is best for your garden. Identifying Dogwood Trees by Fruit. It can grow in full sun to partial shade, however, is intolerant of high levels of heat and therefore tends to do best in shady or protected spots. fruit, the fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a flowering plant, enclosing the seed or seeds. . Kousa dogwoods are considered small to medium sized trees. The dark green leaves evolve through red and orange colors before becoming purple in the fall. However, small dogwood trees are just as useful in garden landscapes. However, it can be difficult to identify dogwood trees by their leaves alone. If suckers are not removed, the plant will spread to form a thicket, which works well for privacy screening. Definitely a good patio tree that provides immediate shade. Many consider it to be the western version of the Flowering Dogwood. This Dogwood is a very showy variety, which offers year-round visual interest. Pruning the tree every two years after the flowers' color fades will help keep it small. If a dog eats a few berries, it may experience some mouth and tongue irritation, but overall should be fine. These berries are safe to consume; however, skin contact with the tree has been linked to rashes. The whitish flowers are not very significant, but the white drupe/berries are attractive to birds. Dogwoods are among the most beautiful trees found in American landscapes, but not all types are suitable for the garden. Towards the end of the year, the leaves turn a stunning shade of crimson to purple, giving it another outstanding quality. Following is a list of some common types, some of which are American natives and others that come from Asia and Europe. Up to 9 ft. tall and 5 ft. wide. This feature is unlike edible kousa dogwood fruits that are round with leathery skin covered in bumps. It's helpful to snip them off the main trunk as soon as the shoots appear. The aurora dogwood has white blooms, while the cornelian cherry dogwood stuns with its red berries. Flowering dogwood trees grow 15 to 30 ft. (4.5 9 m) tall and wide. The red berries on flowering dogwood trees are not edible but have a bitter, terrible taste. Make sure the area does not get very dry and has well-drained soil. Dogwood trees have gorgeous flowers and berries, making this family a famous plant ornament and fruit. European Atlas of Forest Tree Species. Ground covers that spread via stolons or rhizomes, or growth stems close to or just beneath the soil, as well as kinds that generate new plants at the end of leaf nodules, can spread without putting a strain on dogwood roots. Fruit is blue-black. If youre in search of Dogwood that isnt going to take up much space in your garden, the Canadian bunchberry is an excellent choice. It is native to North America, growing from southern Ontario in Canada, down through the eastern United States, into northern Mexico. Plantglossary.com Is A Participant In The Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, An Affiliate Advertising Program Designed To Provide A Means For Sites To Earn Advertising Fees By Advertising And Linking To Amazon.com. Dogwoods thrive in rich, damp but well-draining soil that's slightly acidic. In the Peach State, they mature during September and October. Looking at pictures of the scaly bark, it appears broken into small blocks on the tree. Though it prefers a moist climate, the stiff Dogwood can adapt to drier conditions. Fall foliage color is red to purple. Kousa Dogwood berries, botanically classified as Cornus kousa, grow on small, deciduous trees or shrubs belonging to the Cornaceae family. It grows well in full sun or partial shade, and though it prefers moist and rich soils, it will adapt to other soil types. Kousa dogwood flowers are actually small green flowers surrounded by four, pointed, snow-white bracts. To get the best outcomes, it is best to experiment with different doses of American dogwood and see which best dosage is suitable for you. This plant provides four seasons of interest, with white flowers blooming in spring before the foliage emerges. They are grown primarily for ornamental purposes due to their showy blooms and colors. This dogwood variant is easy to manage because it has few insects or disease problems and can tolerate shade. White flowers appear in late spring, leading to white berries in summer, which are edible to birds. The Silky Dogwood is endemic to the United States central and eastern regions and sections of Canada. Poisonous flowering dogwood red berries look different from kousa dogwood berries. Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) tree and flowers. Grown as a shrub, it may be used for borders or screening. It is considered an upright deciduous shrub that features multiple stems. Crusader is a thornless cultivar ( Crataegus crus-galli 'Cruzam') that grows into a tree 25 to 35 feet tall . However, the stunning multi-stemmed tree is cultivated throughout the United States as a small ornamental landscaping tree. The fruit that this type of Dogwood produces is a vibrant shade of blue. Cornus alternifolia: Pagoda Dogwood Small tree that grows with a tiered habit like a pagoda. The plant is characterized by its elliptical to oval-shaped leaves and dull white blooms that sprout in late spring. However, the deciduous tree requires average moisture, so you should water it to keep the soil consistently moist. The trees eventually reach a mature height of 15 to 25 ft. (4.5 7.6 m). Flowering Dogwood can grow up to 15-30 feet high and 15-20 feet wide, having an airy, multi-stem shape. Cornelian cherry dogwood trees grow 16 to 40 ft. (5 12 m) tall and have a dense growth habit. Commonly referred to as evergreen dogwood, Bethams cornel, and Himalayan strawberry tree, the Himalayan Dogwood is native to woodland areas throughout Asia and parts of Australia. With species native to North America, Europe, and Asia, in addition to numerous cultivars, youll have no issue finding a dogwood that best suits your purposes. The Cornelian cherry dogwood, Cornus mas, is a little-known dogwood of note. This type of Dogwood is commonly found in parks and various residential areas, and it works great as a shade tree or for hedging. Up the impact by pairing with yellow twig varieties. Get daily tips & tricks to help make your best home. For example, the beautiful kousa dogwood tree is a bit high-maintenance thanks to the necessary clean-up of its falling fruits. Each of these dogwood species may be available in different cultivars that offer unique features, such as a dwarf size, variegated leaf color, or unusual bark or stem color. Conditions: Full sun; adaptable to a broad range of soils; fairly drought tolerant and pH adaptable. By fall, any remaining red berries will become camouflaged due to the foliage, which warms up to a bright shade of scarlet red. In the winter, the tree has an attractive silhouette with small buds at the tips of the branches. Place the plant, dome, and all, under grow lights for 18 hours daily. 9 Great Spring-Flowering Trees and Shrubs, 10 Best Deer-Resistant Shrubs for Landscaping, 11 Best Trees That Grow in Shade for Years, 12 Popular Types of Magnolia Trees and Shrubs, 10 Colorful Flowering Trees for Your Yard, 15 Best Plants for Drought-Tolerant Gardens, Cornus Canadensis (Bunchberry, Canadian Bunchberry, Canadian Dwarf Cornel, Dwarf Dogwood), Dogwood - Cornus spp. It has glossy dark-green leaves with conspicuous veins. Red twig dogwood shrubs grow 6 to 8 feet tall. Dogwood . Common Dogwood 4. In winter, the leaves will have been shed to reveal the exfoliating, rough bark in a rich chocolate shade. This adaptable plant is winter hardy to -25 to -30 degrees F. (-31 to -34 C.). Use plants that require no more than 4 inches of soil depth in close proximity to the protective mulch circle. Others can be purple-black or white. However, you should consider the professional opinion to correctly identify different dogwood species and speak with your physician before attempting alternative treatments. Stardust Dogwood ( Cornus x 'Rutfan') - This low, spreading tree is smaller than the other Rutgers hybrids. Technically, dogwood berries are not classified as poisonous to dogs. U.S. Department of Agriculture Fire Effects Information System. There are several types of dogwood trees producing berries. The Kousa grows to 15 to 20 feet, has flakey bark, and long-lasting white "flowers" which usually come out about a month after its cousin, the Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida.) Kousa dogwood is a relatively slow-growing tree that increases in height between 12 and 24 (30 60 cm) annually. In the fall, a magnificent whitish tint appears on the rough leaf dogwood berries after it begins as a greenish color in August. To enhance the appearance of the bark, lower branches should be trimmed away frequently. Similar to flowering Dogwood, the mountain dogwood is very susceptible to dogwood anthracnose disease. Most dogwood berries are popular as food amongst birds and other wild animals, and some are also edible for humans. The tree can tolerate full sun but prefers a partially shaded spot. Thus, apricots, bananas, and grapes, as well as bean pods, corn grains, tomatoes, cucumbers, and (in their shells) acorns and almonds, are all technically fruits. It is known for its dark green foliage in the summer, red stems in the winter, and bluish-white berries. Red kousa dogwood berries are round and bumpy not smooth and oblong and dont have shiny skin. Like flowering dogwood, this plant is quite susceptible to dogwood anthracnose disease; check with local authorities before planting it, as it may be discouraged. Do not eat the fruit of this plant, as it is considered mildly toxic. On the other hand, berries from the other two species are shiny red oval drupes growing in small clusters. Because of how beautiful they are throughout the year, they are a popular choice for any environment. It is also slightly hardier than the Flowering dogwood. In the shade, they may have poor fall color, but they have a more graceful, open canopy shape. The kousa dogwood thrives in USDA zones 5 through 8. They can grow to reach about 20 feet tall with a 12-inch wide trunk. Although they have not been studied for street tree usage in the United States, the branches are likely to droop less than most other Dogwoods, making it a suitable option for street tree use. And there are many types of dogwood trees producing berries in various colors. It may also form colonies in your yard viasuckers. The interesting bark is light to dark grayish brown, which exfoliates as the tree matures, leaving behind patches of reddish-brown and tan. If you're not 100 percent certain . In most cases, they are edible and can be used in cooking, though some dogwoods produce mildly toxic fruit to humans. 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