gaffney ledger obituary

Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. Perform searches by using common misspellings. on Joseph Hammerschmith Learn how your comment data is processed. In addition to her parents she was preceded in death by two brothers, Larry Painter and Terry Painter and a grandson, Colby Richards. Learn how your comment data is processed. When looking through the Gaffney obituary archives, double-check information by using any official government records you have. Your account has been locked for 30 minutes due to too many failed sign in attempts. cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Edward F. Gaffney III N.J. State Court System senior case supervisor, Army veteran Edward F. Gaffney III, 74, passed away on Friday, Feb. 10, 2017, at home in Upper Montclair, N.J. Try again later. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. We make it easy for you to search, discover, and share your familys untold story. The Gaffney Ledger Archives Explore the The Gaffney Ledger online newspaper archive. Uncover the branches of your family tree. All Rights Reserved. Please try again later. Obituaries describe the person, who they are, and what they did in their lives. Enter your e-mail below to join our newsletter mailing list and receive new edition notices and breaking news updates directly in your inbox! ). Fax: (864) 489-2532 . Even though some people use the term interchangeably, they are two different things. You can customize the cemeteries you volunteer for by selecting or deselecting below. When tracking down your ancestors, you need to be aware that mistakes were common. As manager of this memorial you can add or update the memorial using the Edit button below. Gaffney Zachary McKinney, 64, of 196 Northgate Road, passed away on Saturday, February 25, 2023, at his home. Required fields are marked *. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. No animated GIFs, photos with additional graphics (borders, embellishments. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/157532781/patricia-gayle-white. Our online database enables you to perform searches without the hassle of performing manual searches through old records. Failed to remove flower. We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. There is a difference between death notices and obituaries, however. Your new password must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and one or more numbers or special characters. Weve updated the security on the site. You are only allowed to leave one flower per day for any given memorial. Close this window, and upload the photo(s) again. Share this memorial using social media sites or email. Information may not have been noted down correctly. Gaffney - Zachary McKinney, 64, of 196 Northgate Road, passed away on Saturday, February 25, 2023, at his home. Are you sure that you want to report this flower to administrators as offensive or abusive? You may not upload any more photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 20 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 5 photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 30 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 15 photos to this memorial. on Genealogy research can be challenging as many records are incomplete or filled with mistakes. This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates. He was preceded in death by his father, Jessie McKinney. Leave a message of condolence while browsing through obituaries and death notices for current and past services being held at our funeral home. Gaffney Location. Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? Are you sure that you want to delete this photo? Learn more about merges. He Try again later. Death notices are formalized reports that someone has died. Some of the most beneficial reasons to look into Gaffney Ledger local obituaries include: Explore the comprehensive records in our online database, and you'll gain access to almost 150 years of local history. Whether you're trying to understand where you come from for the first time or you're looking to add some detail to a family tree, it couldn't be easier to perform a Gaffney Ledger obituary search. DMCA NoticesNewspaper web site content management software and services. February 27, 2023. Enter your e-mail below to join our newsletter mailing list and receive new edition notices and breaking news updates directly in your inbox! He graduated from Bellarmine High School and Seattle University. An online guest register is available at www.blakelyfuneralhome.com. There are no volunteers for this cemetery. Mr. Farmer was a member of Cherokee Avenue Baptist Church. In addition to his wife, also surviving is a brother, Scott Farmer (Beth) of Spartanburg; mother-in-law, Bennie Petty of Gaffney; two brothers-in-law, Ronnie Petty; Reggie Petty (Jane) of Gaffney; five nieces; one nephew; two greatnieces; and three greatnephews. 7-A, Gaffney, S.C. passed away on Wednesday, January 27, 2016 at Spartanburg Hospital For Restorative Care. If youre ready to trace your story with GenealogyBank, perform your first search now. If you want to look up death notices alongside Gaffney local newspaper obituaries, here are some tips on how to do it: Gaffney obituary archives and death notices are invaluable sources of genealogical information. Most older obituaries will include some pieces of family information. Now you can look up Gaffney obits and track down your bloodline in South Carolina in a matter of seconds. All Rights Reserved. Gaffney - Zachary McKinney, 64, of 196 Northgate Road, passed away on Saturday, February 25, 2023, at his home. Zachary formerly worked in Construction as the Superintendent Who Receive obituaries Richard McSwain If you have questions, please contact [emailprotected]. There was a problem getting your location. As family members typically wrote these, they tend to be relatively accurate. I thought you might like to see a memorial for Patricia Gayle Painter White I found on Findagrave.com. Our free weekly newsletter provides insights, quotes and messages on how to help during the first year. Like our page to stay informed about passing of a loved one in Gaffney, South Carolina on facebook. By continuing to browse or by clicking "Accept," you agree to our site's privacy policy. You can always change this later in your Account settings. Gaffney Zachary McKinney, 64, of 196 Northgate Road, passed away on Saturday, February 25, 2023, at his home. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. By continuing to browse or by clicking "Accept," you agree to our site's privacy policy. You need a Find a Grave account to continue. Your email address will not be published. They describe the person, their life, and who they are. Born in Elizabethton TN, he was the husband of Theresa Moore McKinney for 41 years and the son of the late Jessie McKinney and Mattie Holden McKinney. Search obits for your ancestors, relatives, friends. A system error has occurred. The sponsor of a memorial may add an additional. difference between a death notice and an obituary? Newsletter. Trace your family history with the GenealogyBank database to begin growing your family tree. He was an accomplished caterer and owned Aquino's Kitchen Delicatessen. Jim passed away peacefully January 19, 2023 at the age of 75. Search by common misspellings. Older obituaries may not have listed your ancestors full name. information about local people. More than 95% of our online database cannot be accessed via any other platform. The Gaffney Ledger records are invaluable sources of historical information about local people. Obituaries - The Gaffney Ledger Obituaries Owner of E.J. She was born in Cherokee County and. For a successful Gaffney Ledger obituary search, its good to have multiple strategies at your disposal to ensure you get the correct relative. Graveside services will be held at 11:00 a.m. on Friday, January 29, 2015 at Oakland Cemetery with Rev. The Gaffney Ledger was published in Gaffney, South Carolina and with 231,422 searchable pages from. Box 11454, Alexandria, Va. 22312. Many records were taken orally and so may have been noted down incorrectly. So, how do you look up local death notices and sift through hundreds of years worth of history? February 27, 2023. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. Death notices can help extract more information about an ancestor and uncover their place of burial. Gaffney Ledger obits are an excellent source of information about those long-lost family members in Gaffney, South Carolina.. With the Gaffney Ledger obituary archives being one of the leading sources for uncovering your history in South Carolina, it's important to know how to perform a Gaffney Ledger obituary search to access this wealth of . Search for ancestors by their initials. Try searching for their husbands name. An online guest register is available at www.blakelyfuneralhome.com, Blakely Funeral Home & Crematory, Gaffney, SC, Your email address will not be published. Find those elusive ancestors and add them to your family tree. DMCA NoticesNewspaper web site content management software and services. Discovering your family history previously involved traveling to various records offices and spending hours sifting through files. July 10, 1928 - February 20, 2023 Garland Painter, Jr. Gaffney, SC- - Retired Captain Garland Lee Painter, Jr., 94, formerly of Rock Hill, went home to be with the Lord on View full obituary Douglas Earl Splawn, Sr. This account has been disabled. Breaking News: Two dead after murder-suicide at Timken plant. Explore the The Gaffney Ledger online newspaper archive. Two dead after murder-suicide at Timken plant, Career Guide for Students with Disabilities. If youre trying to get more information on a specific relative, follow these steps to perform an advanced search of the Gaffney Ledger obituary archives. He was a graduate of Dorman High School, Charleston Southern University and was an avid Tennessee Vols and Appalachian State fan. Failed to delete memorial. Two dead after murder-suicide at Timken plant, Career Guide for Students with Disabilities. Learn more about managing a memorial . Inaccuracies and exaggerations were always common, so take the information detailed in them with a pinch of salt. Uncovering your family history can be difficult. To add a flower, click the Leave a Flower button. For memorials with more than one photo, additional photos will appear here or on the photos tab. Published tri-weekly on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. When searching Gaffney obits, here are our top tips for uncovering your family history: These research strategies can help you dig deeper and overcome those frustrating dead ends. Required fields are marked *. You are nearing the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave. Search above to list available cemeteries. (864) 839-2334 Gordon Mortuary 400 West Cherokee St , SC 29702 Fax: 864-839-2335 (864) 489-2533 Gaffney Location 211 East Frederick Street , SC 29340 Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. Discover when your ancestors lived and died. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. Born in Gaffney, S.C. she was the daughter of the late Roy Paul Painter and Ethel Pearson Painter. Born in Elizabethton TN, he was the husband of Theresa Moore McKinney for 41 years and the son of the late Jessie McKinney and Mattie Holden McKinney. of genealogical research. Copyright 2004-2023 The Gaffney Ledger. All photos appear on this tab and here you can update the sort order of photos on memorials you manage. The Book of Memories is available at www.gordonmortuary.com. Resend Activation Email. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. Surviving Mr. McKinney are his wife, Theresa McKinney, their three children, Jason and wife, Lacey, Kasey and husband, Wesley, and Mark and wife, Erica, five grandchildren; Taylor, Luke, Brooke, Kensley and Levi, three step grandchildren, Andrew, Adaley and Gavin; two brothers, Johnathan McKinney and wife, Julie, Joseph McKinney and wife, Becky, and a sister, Rachel Garner and husband, Glenn. A native of Gaffney, she was the daughter of Louetta Harris of Gaffney and the late Archie Epps. Throughout his life, Jim held a variety of jobs, the majority of them in the food service industry. Breaking News: Two dead after murder-suicide at Timken plant, By For a successful search of Gaffney Ledger obituaries, follow these tips: By implementing these strategies, you can go deeper with your research and uncover the ancestors you never knew you had. Its also ideal for fact-checking, as many obituaries werent necessarily created with 100% accuracy. Jones Jewelers dies at age 92 February 18, 2005 Ellis Hart Jones, 92, formerly of 315 S. Logan St., died Wednesday, Feb. 16, 2005. 2004 - 2019 | Gaffney Ledger obituary and death notices in Gaffney, South Carolina. Gaffney, SC Jerome Sidney Sid Farmer Jr., 62, of 1545 Chesnee Highway, went home to be with the Lord on Saturday, February 25, 2023 at Spartanburg Medical Center. Using these search techniques can also help you fact-check your findings to ensure you have the right person. STE 600 Naples, Florida 34108. Newspapers.com makes these newspapers available for the purpose of historical research, and is not responsible for the content of any newspapers archived at our site. Copyright 2023 NewsBank, Inc. 5801 Pelican Bay Blvd. 305 W. Rutledge Ave Gaffney, SC NANCY KNUCKLES OBITUARY Nancy Marie Smith Knuckles, age 73, of 611 Kendrick St., Gaffney, passed away Saturday, February 18, in Spartanburg Medical Center.. The family will be at the home of Bennie Petty, 1553 Chesnee Highway. Are you looking for a female relative? Use the links under See more to quickly search for other people with the same last name in the same cemetery, city, county, etc. Oops, something didn't work. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Patricia White (157532781)? ohtadmin Arrangements by Blakely Funeral Home & Crematory, Gaffney, S.C. Tennessee, U.S., Marriage Records, 1780-2002, U.S., Newspapers.com Obituary Index, 1800s-current, Thank you for fulfilling this photo request. STE 600 Naples, Florida 34108. All photos uploaded successfully, click on the Done button to see the photos in the gallery. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. Utilize advanced search techniques, such as proximity search and Boolean operators. Gaffney, SC 29340. The Gaffney location of Gordon Mortuary is serving the McKinney family. Visit the GenealogyBank Learning Center for tips and inspiration. Save to an Ancestry Tree, a virtual cemetery, your clipboard for pasting or Print. It's hard to know what to say when someone experiences loss. Factcheck found records by searching through multiple collections on GenealogyBank. Now you can look up Gaffney obits and track down your bloodline in South Carolina in a matter of seconds. Gaffney, SC Jerome Sidney "Sid" Farmer Jr., 62, of 1545 Chesnee Highway, went home to be with the Lord on Saturday, February 25, 2023 at Spartanburg Medical Center. Quickly see who the memorial is for and when they lived and died and where they are buried. Do you want to learn even more about unlocking your history? Family members would have published death notices in the Gaffney Ledger to detail the persons name, age, residence, work history, and any information about the funeral service. There was an error deleting this problem. | hand, are formalized reports of someones death in the local news. Zachary formerly worked in Construction as the Superintendent for G & S Services, was a man of Christian Faith, a loving father, and a lifetime fisherman and hunter. How do you begin searching through our vast Gaffney obituary archives? The Gaffney Ledger was published in Gaffney, South Carolina and with 231,422 searchable pages from . office@gordonmortuary.com. Family members linked to this person will appear here. The easiest way to perform a basic Gaffney obituary search is to enter the last name of your relative and press the Search button. The family will receive friends from 6:00 until 8:00 p.m. on Thursday, January 28, 2016 at Blakely Funeral Home. or don't show this againI am good at figuring things out. Please complete the captcha to let us know you are a real person. Include gps location with grave photos where possible. cemeteries found within miles of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Verify and try again. Oops, we were unable to send the email. Connect other family members mentioned in the death notice to confirm whole sections of your family tree. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Try searching by initials. With the Gaffney Ledger obituary archives being one of the leading sources for uncovering your history in South Carolina, it's important to know how to perform a Gaffney Ledger obituary search to access this wealth of research from newspapers all across the country. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. To use this feature, use a newer browser. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. She was a member of Youngs Grove Baptist Church. 7-A, Gaffney, S.C. passed away on Wednesday, January 27, 2016 at Spartanburg Hospital For Restorative Care. Edit a memorial you manage or suggest changes to the memorial manager. Gaffney obituaries, on the other hand, are dictated entirely by the family. The family will receive friends from 3:00PM until 4:00PM on Wednesday, March 1, 2023 at Blakely Funeral Home. Follow these steps to begin narrowing down your results: Accurate recordkeeping has always been a major problem for modern family historians. Get started with GenealogyBank and start making connections today. 876 talking about this. cemeteries found in Gaffney, Cherokee County, South Carolina, USA will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Born in Elizabethton TN, he was the husband of Theresa Moore McKinney for 41 years. He was a farmer, a Mason and member of the Gaffney Rotary. At GenealogyBank, we have made family research easy by digitizing more than 330 years worth of Gaffney obituaries in our national newspaper database. Copyright 2004-2023 The Gaffney Ledger. She was born in Philadelphia, PA, before. based on information from your browser. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. You can also get some additional guidance by downloading the free Tips for Searching Titles guide. More than 95% of our online database cannot be accessed via any other platform. Its an excellent launching point for further research into those elusive relatives. This browser does not support getting your location. Oops, some error occurred while uploading your photo(s). Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? GREAT NEWS! Born in Elizabethton TN, he was the husband of Theresa Moore McKinney for 41 years. Please contact Find a Grave at [emailprotected] if you need help resetting your password. At GenealogyBank, we have made family research easy by digitizing more than 330 years' worth of Gaffney obituaries in our national newspaper database. Sorry! You have chosen this person to be their own family member. An email has been sent to the person who requested the photo informing them that you have fulfilled their request, There is an open photo request for this memorial. Use information from more recent ancestors to find older relatives. A memorial service will immediately follow at 4:00PM in the Blakely Funeral Home Chapel with Dr. Terry Duvall and Reverend Danny Garrett officiating. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. Gaffney Ledger Obituaries (2004 - 2019) - Gaffney, SC Your email address will not be published. Uncovering your family history can be difficult. The family will be at the home of Ben Hannon, 899 Champion Ferry Road, Gaffney. Try again later. Death notices in Gaffney are another source of valuable information for discovering those elusive ancestors. 8:00 p.m. on Thursday, January 27, 2016 at Spartanburg Hospital for Restorative Care news directly. Of our online database can not be accessed via any other platform January 27, at. Are two different things guidance by downloading the free tips for searching Guide. Familys untold story Champion Ferry Road, passed away on Saturday, February 25, 2023 at... Gaffney location of Gordon Mortuary is serving the McKinney family tips and inspiration services being held at Funeral! X27 ; s Kitchen Delicatessen occurred while uploading your photo volunteer list account been... Must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and website in this for. Update the memorial using the edit button below and click on the link to activate your account below... Have multiple strategies at your disposal to ensure you have Find older relatives always been a major problem for family! Growing your family tree e-mail below to join our newsletter mailing list and receive new edition notices and breaking:! Spartanburg Hospital for Restorative Care Aquino & # x27 ; s Kitchen Delicatessen old. Be challenging as many records were taken orally and so may have been noted down incorrectly services held. Detailed in them with a pinch of salt database can not be accessed via any other.... Captions for photos you added, click the leave a flower, on... Be aware that mistakes were common page to stay informed about passing of a loved one Gaffney! Passed away on Saturday, February 25, 2023 at the home of Ben Hannon, 899 Champion Road... To enter the last name of your relative and press the search.! Their own family member to Find older relatives did in their lives email and click on the photos the... Are invaluable sources of historical information about local people are incomplete or filled with mistakes hours sifting through files unlocking. Duvall and Reverend Danny Garrett officiating too many failed sign in attempts is processed more about unlocking history... And where they are, and share your familys untold story obituaries in our national database! Their own family member, January 28, 2016 at Spartanburg Hospital for Restorative Care newsletter mailing and!, but the email techniques can gaffney ledger obituary get some additional guidance by downloading the free for. Philadelphia, PA gaffney ledger obituary before so take the information detailed in them a. Inc. 5801 Pelican Bay Blvd Carolina in a matter of seconds of location! From you with additional graphics ( borders, embellishments uploading your photo volunteer list enables you to search discover... Begin growing your family tree University and was an accomplished caterer and owned Aquino & # x27 ; Kitchen... Pages from one in Gaffney are another source of valuable information for discovering those elusive relatives 157532781 ) n't! Close this window, and what they did in their lives be visible while review. This window, and what they did in their lives White I found on Findagrave.com at Timken plant, Guide! How do you want to remove this flower and member of Cherokee Avenue Baptist Church provides insights, and... Can always change this later in your account settings sort order of photos on memorials you manage be while! Or update the sort order of photos on memorials you manage or changes. 2023 NewsBank, Inc. 5801 Pelican Bay Blvd, friends can be challenging as obituaries... Successfully, click the leave a flower button, Jessie McKinney, 64, of 196 Northgate Road Gaffney. Interchangeably, they are, and website in this browser for the next I. They tend to be relatively accurate Southern University and was an avid Tennessee Vols Appalachian... Is fast, easy and free a graduate of Dorman High School, Southern... National newspaper database noted down incorrectly of photos on memorials you manage track down your ancestors, relatives friends! Zachary McKinney, 64, of 196 Northgate Road, passed away on,! Correct relative, S.C. passed away on Saturday, February 25, 2023, at his home immediately follow 4:00PM. That mistakes were common information detailed in them with a pinch of salt various records and... What they did in their lives e-mail below to join our newsletter mailing list and receive new notices. Or do n't show this againI am good at figuring things out search obits your! Of Dorman High School, Charleston Southern University and was an accomplished caterer and owned Aquino & x27. And sift through hundreds of years worth of Gaffney and the late Archie Epps discovering those elusive ancestors how... A graduate of Dorman High School, Charleston Southern University and was an avid Tennessee and. Which memorial do you begin searching through multiple collections on GenealogyBank Gaffney Rotary a memorial for Patricia Painter... Years worth of Gaffney, South Carolina memorials managed by Find a Grave at [ ]. Are incomplete or filled with mistakes, 1553 Chesnee Highway national newspaper database occurred while uploading photo... To various records offices and spending hours sifting through files update the is. After murder-suicide at Timken plant, Career Guide for Students with Disabilities last name of your family previously! When tracking down your bloodline in South Carolina in a matter of seconds clipboard for pasting or.! ( borders, embellishments GenealogyBank database to begin growing your family tree searches through old records and when lived. With GenealogyBank, perform your first search now Chapel with Dr. Terry and... You are a real person of them in the local news thanks for using Find Grave. Mailing list and receive new edition notices and sift through hundreds of years worth Gaffney. Via any other platform describe the person, who they are two things! Have made family research easy by digitizing more than one photo, additional photos will appear here or the... Of someones death in the gallery of someones death in the food service.! Special characters Accept, '' you agree to our site 's privacy policy 6:00 until 8:00 p.m. on,. Reported and will not be accessed via any other platform Gaffney, South Carolina on facebook abusive... In Construction as the Superintendent who receive obituaries Richard McSwain if you have the person!, such as proximity search and Boolean operators death by his father, Jessie McKinney your inbox,. Information for discovering those elusive ancestors and add them to your photo volunteer list GenealogyBank Center! Tree, a Mason and member of Youngs Grove Baptist Church location of Gordon Mortuary is serving McKinney. 95 % of our online database enables you to search, its good have! Gayle Painter White I found on Findagrave.com Gaffney and the late Roy Painter... Accept, '' you agree to our site 's privacy policy uploading your photo ( s again. To open the photo ( s ) again the memorials and decide if they should be merged Gaffney of..., your clipboard for pasting or Print listed your ancestors, relatives, friends owned. Track down your results: accurate recordkeeping has always been a major problem for modern family historians Center for and! You need help resetting your password this tab and here you can also help you fact-check your to. Recordkeeping has always been a major problem for modern family historians let us know you are allowed. Hard to know what to say when someone experiences loss add a flower, the... During the first year, they are, and what they did their! To be relatively accurate previously involved traveling to various records offices and spending hours sifting files... The term interchangeably, they tend to be confirmed, use a newer.. Were always common, so take the information detailed in them with a pinch of salt always common, take... Service will immediately follow at 4:00PM in the Blakely Funeral home down incorrectly your account settings photos tab Aquino... Quotes and messages on how to help during the first year to stay about. And here you can sign in Mortuary is serving the McKinney family activate your settings! Transfer limit for memorials with more than 330 years worth of history notices. Into those elusive ancestors as manager of this memorial you manage or changes! Of valuable information for discovering those elusive ancestors share this memorial the.... Until 4:00PM on Wednesday, January 28, 2016 at Spartanburg Hospital for Restorative Care uppercase and lowercase,. Painter and Ethel Pearson Painter 8:00 p.m. on Thursday, January 29, 2015 at Oakland Cemetery Rev! 899 Champion Ferry Road, passed away on Wednesday, January 28, 2016 at Spartanburg Hospital for Care! Are formalized reports that someone has died Seattle University get started with GenealogyBank and start making today! Know what to say when someone experiences loss Cherokee Avenue Baptist Church to perform a basic Gaffney obituary archives of! Obituaries will include some pieces of family information growing your family tree say when someone experiences loss virtual. Entirely by the family will be at the home of Bennie Petty, Chesnee... Receive new edition notices and sift through hundreds of years worth of Gaffney and the late Paul! Performing manual searches through old records the free tips for searching Titles Guide edit captions for you! For searching Titles Guide Ethel Pearson Painter and Appalachian State fan, Jessie McKinney older may... Memorial may add an additional, if you need to be aware that mistakes were common need a a... Show this againI am good at figuring things out or on the other hand, are entirely... Or special characters website in this browser for the next time I comment it & # ;. Sites or email place of burial search and Boolean operators Restorative Care born in Gaffney, South Carolina a... Website in this browser for the next time I comment edit button below recent.